sb/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz lmn / M / 40 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzy / Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O neurocysticercosis.
For follow-up.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the maxillary antra bilaterally.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

As compared to the previous MRI (study no:00002) dated 00.00.00, the previously identified lesion in the right posterior temporal cortex is not visualized on the present study.

If clinically indicated, a contrast enhanced scan would be worthwhile.

sb/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzo Ghalmn / M / 45 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhtekar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O low back pain, radiating to the LLE with paresthesias.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the D12-L1, L3-L4 and L4-L5 intervertebral discs.

There is a posteriorly herniated disc at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing and anterior indentation of the thecal sac.

A right paracentral disc herniation is noted at the L3-L4 level, indenting the dural theca anteriorly.

Facetal hypertrophy is noted at the L2-L3, L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels.

There is slight anterior wedging of the D12 vertebral body without change in signal intensity.

Anterior peridiscal osteophytes are seen at the L4 and L5 vertebral levels and lateral peridiscal osteophytes at the L3-L4 level.



The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1-L2 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

17.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
15.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
13.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. A posteriorly herniated disc at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing and anterior indentation of the thecal sac.

2. A right paracentral disc herniation at the L3-L4 level.

3. Facetal hypertrophy at the L2-L3, L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels.

4. Tight lumbar canal at the L4-L5 level.

hs/sb/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzChlmn / F / 35 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : Intracranial MR Venogram.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O headaches since 2 years with vomiting and giddiness.
Also C/O pain on the left half of the body since 2 years and pain in the RUE since 15 days.

EXAMINATION :

The brain was screened with the help of 5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images and T2 Weighted axial images.

MRV was performed using a 2D TOF technique.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures.

INTRACRANIAL MRV :

On the MRV the visualized dural and deep venous sinuses show normal flow characteristics. No obvious venous thrombosis is evident on this scan.

IMPRESSION :

No abnormality detected on the Intracranial MR Venogram on this study.

hs/bv/nl/rg
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzRajalmn / M / 37 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyznjwani.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Submandibular Region.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O submandibular swelling since the age of five years which has progressively increased.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the submandibular region was performed using the following parameters :

6 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR sagittal images.

Few images show patient motion.

Metallic suspectibility artifacts are seen because of dental fillings.

OBSERVATION :

There is evidence of a fairly well-defined mass lesion in the sublingual space (below the tongue) measuring approximately 7.0 x 5.2 x 8.1 cms. This lesion is hyperintense on the T1 Weighted images and mildly hypointense on the T2 Weighted images (near isointense to fat on all the pulse sequences).

This lesion is seen to be indenting the tongue and displacing it superiorly and posteriorly. The muscles of the floor of the mouth/mylohyoid muscle are displaced inferiorly.

The submandibular and parotid glands are unremarkable.





IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of a mass lesion measuring approximately 7.0 x 5.2 x 8.1 cms. and located inferior to the tongue as described. The differential diagnosis may include :

1. Dermoid cyst/Epidermoid.

2. Lipoma.

3. Cystic hygroma - less likely.

4. Thyroglossal duct cyst - less likely.

5. Lymphangioma - less likely.

hs/bv/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzChaurlmn / F / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Pelvis.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache since 6-7 months with radicular pain to the RLE. C/O swelling over the left side of the low back.
Fever +.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the pelvis was performed using the following parameters:

6 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) axial images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

Lumbo-sacral spine was screened with 5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

The L5 and S1 vertebral bodies show an ill-defined hypointense signal on the T1 Weighted images which turns hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. The L5-S1 intervertebral disc also appears hyperintense on the T1 Weighted images.

There is an intermediate signal intensity mass lesion on the T1 Weighted images in the prevertebral area, in the lumbo-sacral region, which turns hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and STIR images. This lesion extends into the paravertebral soft tissues on the left and extends along the left lateral pelvic wall into the left inguinal region. The left iliac vessels and left psoas muscle are displaced medially. Extension of the lesion over the left iliac crest is also noted.



There is also seen extension of the soft tissue lesion through the sciatic notch, into the gluteal regions bilaterally, deep to the gluteus maximus muscles. These gluteal lesions extend upto the level of the hip joints on either side. A hypointense signal on all the pulse sequences in the right gluteal region may represent air/calcification. Minimal soft tissue is noted in the anterior epidural space at the L5 and S1 levels with encasement of the L5 nerve roots bilaterally.

The sacral and iliac bones adjacent to the sacro-iliac joints on either side show suspicious hypointense signal. Minimal fluid is noted in the left Sacro-iliac joint with suspicious erosions inferiorly (scans 108.17, 108.18, 108.19). There is also right sacro-iliac joint suspicious involvement inferiorly.

Suspicious paraaortic lymphnodes are seen in the lumbar region.

IMPRESSION :

Altered signal of the L5 and S1 vertebral bodies and the L5-S1 disc suggests osteitis with discitis, most likely tuberculous in etiology. Prevertebral, left paravertebral, left pelvic and bilateral gluteal, soft tissue lesions represent fairly large abscesses.

sb/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzMahalmn / F / 40 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzosle / Dr. Abc Xyzjan.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with tingling since 3 weeks.
H/O catch 3 weeks back.
Similar complaints in 0000 from which patient recovered.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L5-S1 intervertebral disc and slight loss of water content of the L4-L5 intervertebral disc.

There is a small, postero-central protruded disc at the L5-S1 level.

A minimal posterior disc bulge is noted at the L4-L5 level.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.







The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

18.0 mm at L1-L2
19.0 mm at L2-L3
19.0 mm at L3-L4
17.0 mm at L4-L5
13.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

Degenerated L4-L5 and L5-S1 discs with a small, postero-central protruded disc at the L5-S1 level and a posteriorly bulging disc at the L4-L5 level.

As compared to the previous MRI (study no:0000) dated 00.00.00, there is no significant increase in the degree of the disc protrusion at the L5-S1 level. The L4-L5 disc however, shows slight loss of water content and the L5-S1 disc appears more dessicated on the present study.

ke/sb/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz lmn / F / 40 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrankar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with numbness.
Old H/O trauma.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 vertebrae with probable spondylolysis at L4. Correlation with plain X-rays would be worthwhile.

A pseudoposterior disc herniation is seen at the L4-L5 level with anterior indentation of the thecal sac and bilateral neural foraminal narrowing. The L4-L5 facet joints show hypertrophic degenerative changes. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is also noted at this level with resultant canal stenosis.

A small, postero-central and right postero-lateral disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes is seen at the L3-L4 level with mild neural foraminal narrowing. The L3-L4 facet joints show hypertrophic degenerative changes.

Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is noted over the L2-L3 to L4-L5 levels.
Scan-00001


The L5-S1 facet joints show hypertrophic degenerative changes (left more than right).

The lumbar intervertebral discs except for the L5-S1 disc show loss of water content.

The lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
13.0 mm at L3-L4
12.0 mm at L4-L5
10.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 vertebra with probable spondylolysis at L4. Correlation with plain X-rays would be worthwhile.

2. A pseudoposterior disc herniation at the L4-L5 level with hypertrophic facetal arthropathy and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and resultant canal stenosis.

3. A small, postero-central and right postero-lateral disc herniations with peridiscal osteophyte at the L3-L4 level with hypertrophic facetal arthropathy at this level.

4. Hypertrophic facetal arthropathy at the L5-S1 level (left more than right).

ke/sb/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzDlmn / M / 46 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzngsarkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache since 10 years.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is wedging of the lumbar vertebral bodies.

Diffuse fatty changes are noted in the lumbar vertebrae. Ill-defined hypointense areas on the T1 Weighted images are seen in the D12, L4 and L5 vertebral bodies replacing the normal marrow. These are seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images.

Diffuse posterior disc bulges are noted at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels with anterior indentation of the thecal sac and bilateral neural foraminal narrowing. Posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the L3-L4 level.

A small posterior disc bulge is seen at the L2-L3 level. The mid lumbar intervertebral discs show loss of water content.

The lumbar facet joints appear hypertrophied.





The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

14.0 mm at L1-L2
14.0 mm at L2-L3
13.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
15.0 mm at L5-S1.

The dorsal spine was screened with 4 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images which shows slight wedging of the D1 and D8 vertebral bodies.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of :

1. Osteoporotic changes in the lumbar vertebrae with bone bruise/edema in the D12, L4 and L5 vertebrae.

2. Diffuse posterior disc bulges at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels.

3. A small posterior disc bulge at the L2-L3 level.

ke/sb/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Jalmn / M / 40 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrikh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorso-lumbar Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

Alleged H/O vehicular accident 10-12 days back with backache, weakness of BLE and bladder involvement since then.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorso-lumbar spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

FEW IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION.

OBSERVATION :

There is forward subluxation of the D12 over the L1 vertebral body with break in the pars interarticularis of the D12 vertebra bilaterally. A large pseudoposterior disc herniation is seen at the D12-L1 level with compression of the cord. The spinal cord at the D12 and L1 levels shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted images. This is isointense to normal cord on the T1 Weighted images suggestive of cord contusion/edema. The D12-L1 disc is seen to migrate superiorly, lying posterior to the D12 vertebral body.

There is disruption of the D12-L1 facet joints. Fluid is noted in the facet joints bilaterally (left more than right). Fracture of the transverse process, lamina and probably of the spinous process of D12 is noted.


Altered signal in the posterior paraspinal soft tissues over the D10 to D12 vertebral levels may represent soft tissue injury.

The visualized dorso-lumbar vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level.

Focal lesion in the right suprarenal region is of ? etiology and needs to be further evaluated.

IMPRESSION :

In a known C/O trauma, the MRI features are suggestive of :

1. Forward subluxation of the D12 over the L1 vertebral body with break in the pars interarticularis of the D12 vertebra bilaterally.

2. A large pseudoposterior disc herniation at the D12-L1 level with cord compression and cord signal alteration at the D12 and L1 levels suggestive of cord contusion/
edema.

3. Disruption of the D12-L1 facet joints with fluid in the facet joints bilaterally (left more than right) and fracture of the posterior elements of D12.

4. Right suprarenal lesion needs to be further evaluated.

ke/sb/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzotlmn / M / 28 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzonawalla.
Examination : M.R.I. of Both Hips.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain in the left hip joint since 15 days.
H/O Pulmonary Kochs since October 0000. On AKT since then.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of both hips was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick Proton density sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There are hyperintense areas on the T1 Weighted images in the superior quadrant of the femoral heads bilaterally. These are seen to follow fat signal characteristics on all the pulse sequences. The double line sign is noted. Hypointense areas are seen on the T1 Weighted images within the neck of the left femur, which turns hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and STIR images. This would represent marrow edema.

There is no obvious bony destruction or erosions noted. The articular cartilages are unremarkable. Minimal fluid is noted in the left hip joint.

The musculature surrounding both the hip joints and the visualized pelvis is normal.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of Class A avascular necrosis of the femoral heads bilaterally, (Mitchells classification) with bone edema in the neck of the left femur.