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Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13716

hs/sb/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzllah Chaudlmn / M / 60 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzal S. Shah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache with radicular pain in BLE with numbness since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

A posterior disc herniation is seen to indent the thecal sac and narrow both neural foramina at the L4-L5 level. The facet joints at this level shows hypertrophic degenerative changes. Also seen is ligamentum flavum hypertrophy with severe canal stenosis at this level. Bilateral far lateral (extraforaminal) disc herniations are noted at this level.

A small posterior disc herniation is seen to indent the thecal sac and narrow both neural foramina at the L3-L4 level.

There is a postero-central disc protrusion at the L5-S1 level.

Bilateral far lateral (extraforaminal) disc bulges are noted at the L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4 and L5-S1 levels. The rest of the facet joints in the lumbar region show degenerative changes.

The pedicles of the lumbar vertebrae appear congenitally short in their antero-posterior dimensions.
..2/.





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The lumbar intervertebral discs show loss of water content.

A focal area of hyperintensity on the T1 Weighted images within the L3 vertebral body on the left side may represent a focal deposit of fat/hemangioma.

A Schmorls node is noted at the inferior aspect of the L1 vertebral body.

The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

13.0 mm at L1-L2
11.0 mm at L2-L3
10.0 mm at L3-L4
7.0 mm at L4-L5
8.0 mm at L5-S1.

Incidentally noted is a large right cortical renal cyst.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of :

1. A posterior disc herniation with hypertrophic facetal arthropathy and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy with severe canal stenosis at the L4-L5 level.

2. Bilateral far lateral (extraforaminal) disc herniations at the L4-L5 level.
..3/.







- 3 - Scan-00006



3. A small posterior disc herniation at the L3-L4 level.

4. A postero-central disc protrusion at the L5-S1 level.

5. Facetal arthropathy in the lumbar region except at the L4-L5 level.

6. Congenitally short pedicles of the lumbar vertebrae in their antero-posterior dimensions.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13715

ke/sb/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzi Shlmn / M / 27 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O loss of sensation in the LLE with dragging of the LLE since 1 month.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.
Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13714

ke/sb/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzflmn / M / 45 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Left Ankle & Foot.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain and swelling over the left ankle since 1 month.
Known hypertensive. On Rx.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of the left ankle and foot was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) axial images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and GRASS sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a hyperintense signal in the subcutaneous tissues around the left ankle on the T2 Weighted and STIR images. This is hypointense on the T1 Weighted images and is suggestive of subcutaneous edema. This is seen to extend into the lower one third of the left leg. No obvious collection is identified on this study.

Minimal effusion is seen within the left ankle joint.

A small hypointense speck is noted in the talus on all the pulse sequences which would represent a bone island. The trabecular pattern within the talus and calcaneum is prominent. A small, subchondral pit is noted in the dome of the talus, posteriorly (scans 102.9, 10).



No obvious bone destruction or erosion is evident.

The visualized tendons and ligaments around the left ankle show normal signal intensity.

The left foot was further screened with 6 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images which does not reveal any diagnostic feature of note.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of cellulitis around the left ankle joint.

No other significant abnormality is detected.



Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13713

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Molmn / M / 33 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzmpat.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O left facial hemiparesis.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images through the IAM.

MR cisternogram was obtained in the coronal plane.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and the cerebellar folia bilaterally. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures.

IMPRESSION :

Slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and the cerebellar folia bilaterally.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13712

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzn Almn / M / 15 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzchale.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

H/O fever with chills with headaches since 7 days.
C/O 2 episodes of seizures since then.
C/O diplopia since 2 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

SOME IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Mucosal thickening is noted in the left maxillary antrum and left posterior ethmoidal air cells.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13711

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzayan Ylmn / M / 16 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrekh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Right Knee Joint.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain and swelling over the right knee joint since 10 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the right knee joint was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images.

7 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) axial images.

7 mm thick T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is seen a defect along the postero-lateral wall of the distal right femur, in the metaphysis, with erosion of the cortex in that region. Ill-defined hypointense signal on the T1 Weighted images is noted in the marrow adjacent to this lesion. This marrow signal appears heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images.

There is an intermediate signal intensity soft tissue lesion on the T1 Weighted images along the posterior, lateral and anterior margins of the distal right femur, which appears hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. This lesion appears deep to the vastus lateralis intermedius and medialis muscles which are displaced peripherally by the lesion. The vasti muscles in the distal segment of the right thigh however shows a hyperintense signal on



the T2 Weighted images, suggesting myositis. The biceps femoris muscle is displaced postero-laterally by the lesion and the popliteal vessels are displaced posteriorly. Extension of the soft tissue lesion into the suprapatellar bursa is also noted.

The supero-inferior extent of the above described lesion is about 13.0 cms from the knee joint space. There is however, no involvement of the knee joint space per se.

IMPRESSION :

Defect in the postero-lateral margin of the distal end of the right femur, in its metaphysis, with soft tissue lesion around the distal end of the right femur as described is not specific for a single etiology. This most likely represents chronic osteomyelitis with an abscess around the distal right femur.

The possibility of a neoplasm like a perosteal sarcoma cannot be entirely ruled out, though less likely.



Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13710

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzbdul Salmn / M / 41 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with paresthesias since 3 months which has increased since 15-20 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is sacralization of the L5 vertebra and the L3 vertebral body is as marked on the film.

Minimal posterior disc bulges are noted at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels. Slight facetal hypertrophy is also noted at these levels.

There is loss of water content of the upper lumbar intervertebral discs.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.
Scan-00000



The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

15.0 mm at L1-L2
14.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
8.0 mm at L5-S1.

The left psoas muscle appears slightly decreased in bulk when compared to the right.

IMPRESSION :

1. Sacralization of the L5 vertebra.

2. Minimal posterior disc bulges at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels with slight facetal hypertrophy.



Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13709

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzPlmn / M / 46 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhari.
Examination : M.R.I. of Both Hips.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to BLE with paresthesias since 6 months which has increased since 15 days.
H/O pulmonary tuberculosis. On AKT since 3 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of both hips was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted with T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) axial images.

5 mm thick Proton density sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

The femoral head and the acetabulum reveal normal signal intensity bilaterally. There is no obvious bony destruction or erosions noted. The articular cartilages are unremarkable. There is no effusion within both the hip joints.

The musculature surrounding both the hip joints and the visualized pelvis is normal.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of both Hip joints.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13708

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzPlmn / F / 26 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzonawalla.
Examination : M.R.I. of Both Hips.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain in both hips (left more than right) since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of both hips was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted with T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) axial images.

5 mm thick Proton density sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

The femoral head and the acetabulum reveal normal signal intensity bilaterally. There is no obvious bony destruction or erosions noted. The articular cartilages are unremarkable. There is no effusion within both the hip joints.

The musculature surrounding both the hip joints and the visualized pelvis is normal.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of both Hip joints.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

13707

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Darulmn / M / 38 yrs.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to BLE with tingling.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is reduction in height of the L5-S1 intervertebral disc and loss of water content of the L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs. Slight retroplacement of the L5 over the S1 vertebrae is noted.

There is a postero-central disc herniation with peridiscal osteophyte at the L5-S1 level with inferior migration of the disc fragment, minimally indenting the traversing S1 nerve roots bilaterally.

A small posteriorly herniated disc with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the L4-L5 level with slight bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.

Slight facetal hypertrophy is noted at the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

17.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
11.0 mm at L4-L5
9.0 mm at L5-S1.

Screening, T1 Weighted coronal images of the S. I. joints do not reveal any significant feature of note.

IMPRESSION :

1. A postero-central disc herniation with peridiscal osteophyte at the L5-S1 level with inferior migration of the disc fragment, minimally indenting the traversing S1 nerve roots bilaterally.

2. A small posteriorly herniated disc with peridiscal osteophytes at the L4-L5 level.

3. Slight facetal hypertrophy at the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.



























27th July 0000


Dear Dr. Abc Xyz


Thankyou for referring to us Mr. Dinyar Daruwala, male, aged 35 years, for a MRI of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

His report and films were sent to you. A comparative report could not be given at that time as the patient had not brought his previous MRI scans.

As compared to the previous MRI dated 00.00.0000, the L5-S1 disc is now reduced in height. There is an increase in the degree of the disc herniation of the L5-S1 disc with minimal indentation on the traversing S1 nerve roots bilaterally.

The status of the L4-L5 disc is largely unchanged.

Thankyou once again for your kind reference.