ke/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzn Dlmn / F / 12 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O weakness of the LUE.
H/O quadriparesis at the age of 1 1/2 years.
C/O ? hypotonic CP.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

FEW IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION.

OBSERVATION :

The cervical vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The cervical spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

No abnormality is detected within the Cervical spine on this study.

ke/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzrishna Ylmn / M / 35 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzgaonkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O giddiness with fall and loss of consciousness for 10-11 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

After administration of contrast the following parameters were used :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial and coronal images with magnetization transfer.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

After administration of contrast, there is no abnormal area of enhancement within the brain parenchyma or the meninges.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

ke/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzPerlmn / F / 51 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures since 0000.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is reduction in the volume of the hippocampus on the right side with resultant mild dilatation of the temporal horn of the right lateral ventricle. Hyperintense signal is seen within the hippocampus on the T2 Weighted images. The collateral white matter is slightly thinned than normal. The left hippocampus is unremarkable.

The left lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of right mesial temporal sclerosis.

HS/SB/NL/RG.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzn Dlmn / F / 12 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O weakness of the LUE.
H/O quadriparesis at the age of 1 1/2 years.
C/O ? hypotonic CP.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Inflammatory changes are seen in the sphenoid sinus.

A deviated nasal septum to the right is seen.

IMPRESSION :

No abnormality is detected within the brain on this study.

ke/bv/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza lmn / F / 38 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzve / Dr. Abc XyzVyas.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

H/O sudden onset of fall with giddiness.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
4 mm thick T2 Weighted sagittal images.
3 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is suggestion of occipitalization of the posterior arch of the atlas.

There is atlanto-dens subluxation with the atlanto-dens distance measuring approximately 9.0 mms. There is indentation upon the cervico-medullary junction by the postero-superior aspect of the odontoid process.

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

There is slight fullness of both the lateral ventricles. The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.





IMPRESSION :

1. Probable occipitalization of the posterior arch of the atlas. Correlation with plain radiographs would be worthwhile.

2. Atlanto-dens subluxation with the atlanto-dens distance measuring approximately 9.0 mms with indentation upon the cervico-medullary junction by the postero-superior aspect of the odontoid process.

ke/hs/rg.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzine Fernalmn / F / 27 yrs. Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzmpat. Examination : M.R.I. of the Sella & Perisellar Region.
CLINICAL PROFILE : Old C/O neurocysticercosis.
To r/o pituitary microadenoma.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I. of the sella and perisellar region was performed using the following parameters :3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.3 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T2 Weighted axial images.

After administration of contrast, 3 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal and sagittal images and 5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial (with magnetization transfer) images were obtained.OBSERVATION :
The pituitary gland is normal in it's size, contour and location and reveals normal signal intensity. The posterior pituitary gland reveals normal hyperintense signal on the T1 Weighted images. The pituitary stalk is in the midline. The hypothalamus is unremarkable.The suprasellar cistern and cavernous sinuses on either side are unremarkable.After contrast administration, there is no focal area of abnormal enhancement in the pituitary gland.
screening images of the brain reveal a small approximately 3.0 mms diameter sized well-marginated, hypointense lesion more pronounced on the T2 Weighted images in the right fronto-temporal region, just inferior to the frontal horn of the right lateral ventricle (se/im 105/2). This lesion appears hypointense on the T2 Weighted images. There is no perilesional edema. After contrast administration, there is rim-enhancement of the above described lesion (disc like on the delayed images). The ventricular system is unremarkable. There is no midline shift. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study. IMPRESSION :1. No abnormality is detected within the pituitary gland.2. An approximately 3.0 mms diameter sized hypointense rim-enhancing lesion in the right fronto-temporal region, just inferior to the frontal horn of the right lateral ventricle most likely represents a granuloma (? calcified, the exact etiology undetermined). As compared to the previous MRI dated 00.00.00 (study no.00008),
there is no significant change.

ke/hs/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzvi Shlmn / F / 46 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzesai.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Left Shoulder.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain and limited movements of the left shoulder since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the left shoulder was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and GRASS (with fat saturation) axial images.

4 mm thick T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) sagittal images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted, Proton and T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a tear of the inferior labrum. A synovial filled cavity is seen adjacent to the inferior labrum in connection with the tear of the labrum. This is hypointense on the T1 Weighted images and turns hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images and would represent a paralabral cyst.

Gross effusion is seen within the left shoulder joint. This is seen to extend along the supraspinatus tendon in the subacromial region. Extension is also noted along the bicipital tendon in the bicipital groove. Hyperintense areas are seen just below the subscapularis muscle lifting the subscapularis tendon which also represents synovial fluid. Fluid is also seen in the subdeltoid region extending in between the deltoid muscle and the infraspinatus muscles. There is synovial thickening. Debris (?? loose bodies are seen within the joint effusion).




A hyperintense signal is seen within the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle and this may represent a tear. Erosions are seen in the greater tubercle at the insertion of the supraspinatus tendon.

Subtle hyperintense signal is seen in the anterior portion of the glenoid on the Gradient images (scan 109.8). This is hypointense to normal marrow on the T1 Weighted images (scan 108.8) and would represent edema. Erosion of the cortical margin is also noted.

The acromio-clavicular joint is normal.

The visualized axilla is unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

In a known C/O rheumatoid arthritis, the MRI features are suggestive of :

1. Tear of the inferior labrum with a paralabral cyst.

2. Effusion in the left shoulder joint with extensions and synovial thickening as described.

4. Edema in the glenoid.

5. Tear of the supraspinatus tendon.

ke/hs/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Ranglmn / F / 65 yrs,
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzerkar.
Examination : Intracranial and Neck M.R.A.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures since 1 1/2 years.

EXAMINATION :

The brain was screened with 5 mm thick T2 Weighted axial images.

Intracranial and neck MRA were performed with 3D TOF and 2D TOF sequences, respectively.

OBSERVATION :

There is a hyperintense area in the right temporo-occipital region on the T2 images and is isointense to CSF on the T1 Weighted images. There is resultant dilatation of the occipital horn and slight fullness of the temporal horn of the right lateral ventricle. This lesion would represent an area of cystic encephalomalacia.

There is prominence of the cerebellar folia bilaterally. There is mild prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci bilaterally.

There is mild fullness of both the lateral ventricles. The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures.

INTRACRANIAL MRA :

The petrous, cavernous and supraclinoid segments of the internal carotid arteries bilaterally show normal signal and calibre. The visualized anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, basilar, vertebral and posterior cerebral arteries also show normal signal, calibre and wall margins. No obvious aneurysm or vascular malformation is identified.


NECK MRA :

The common carotid arteries and their extracranial branches appear normal bilaterally. There are no vessel wall irregularities or stenosis of the vessels noted.

IMPRESSION :

An area of cystic encephalomalacia in the right temporo-occipital region.

No significant abnormality is detected on the intracranial and neck MRA per se on this study.

ke/hs/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz. lmn / F / 40 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrankar.
Examination : M.R.I. of Both Hips.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain in the right hip and thigh since 6 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of both hips was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) axial images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a hypointense signal in the antero-superior aspect of the head of the right femur on the T1 Weighted images. This is seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and STIR images.

A hypointense area is seen in the antero-superior portion of the head of the left femur on the T1 Weighted images and is seen to remain so on the T2 Weighted and STIR images.

A hypointense area is seen in the acetabular roof (se/im. 104/6 & 105/6) on the T1 Weighted images and which is seen to turn hyperintense on the STIR images and which may represent a degenerative cyst.

The articular cartilages are unremarkable. There is no effusion within both the hip joints.

The musculature surrounding both the hip joints and the visualized pelvis is unremarkable.
..2/.







IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of :

1. Class C avascular necrosis (Mitchels classification) of the right femur with a probable degenerative cyst in the acetabulum as described.

2. Class D avascular necrosis (Mitchels classification) of the
left femur.

ke/bv/rg/rg
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzShetrlmn / M / 29 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah / Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with paresthesias since 1 year which has increased since 1 1/2 months.
H/O fall from scooter 6-7 months back.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of normal lumbar lordosis. There is sacralization of the L5 vertebra and the L1 vertebral body is as marked on the film.

There is slight retroplacement of the L4 over the L5 vertebral body. A posterior and left paracentral disc herniation is seen at the L4-L5 level with compression of the thecal sac with resultant canal stenosis. There is resultant left neural foraminal narrowing with indentation upon the exiting left L5 nerve root. There is slight inferior migration of the disc. This disc shows loss of water content. The L4-L5 facet joints bilaterally show degenerative changes.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
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The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
15.0 mm at L3-L4
7.0 mm at L4-L5
10.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of :

1. Sacralization of the L5 vertebra.

2. Slight retroplacement of the L4 over the L5 vertebral body.

3. A posterior and left paracentral disc herniation at the L4-L5 level with facetal hypertrophy and resultant canal stenosis at this level.