sb/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza Hlmn / F / 27 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzondhallmn / M / 46 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyztrak.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

Alleged H/O Car accident in March 0000 with injury over the eyes and multiple surface injuries.
C/O tremors in BUE, dribbing of saliva, difficulty in swallowing and speech disturbances and gait ataxia, since 2 months.
Known diabetic.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR and Fast Scan (T2 *) coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

There is mild fullness of both the lateral and fourth ventricles.
The third ventricle is normal. There is slight prominence of the basal cisternal spaces bilaterally. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Susceptibility artifacts are noted in the left maxillary sinus.

IMPRESSION :

Mild fullness of both the lateral and fourth ventricles with
slight prominence of the basal cisternal spaces bilaterally.

sb/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzh Slmn / M / 15 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzi.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

Known C/O ALL diagnosed 6 1/2 years back. Received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Treatment completed 5 1/2 years back.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the right maxillary antrum.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the brain.

ke/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzMohd. Almn / F / 26 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhari.
Examination : M.R.I. of Both Hips.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain in the right hip joint with limp since 1 1/2 years.
H/O fever and weight loss.
To r/o tuberculosis of the right hip joint.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of both hips was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted (with fat saturation) axial images.

5 mm thick Proton sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of normal contour of the right femoral head. Hypointense areas are seen within the head of the femur, neck, acetabular roof and iliac bone on the right side on the T1 Weighted images. These are seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and STIR images. There is slight irregularity and thinning of the articular cartilage. Effusion is seen within the right hip joint. There is spread of the pathology antero-inferiorly and medially with involvement of the pectineus and adductor muscles which show hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and STIR images and is slightly hyperintense to normal muscle on the T1 Weighted images.








The muscles around the right hip joint are atrophic as compared to the left.

The left femoral head and the acetabulum reveal normal signal intensity. There is no effusion within left hip joint.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of altered signal within the head of the femur, neck, acetabular roof and iliac bone on the right side with involvement of the pectineus and adductor muscles as described is most probably infective in etiology (? tuberculosis).

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 37 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyznghal.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O imbalance towards the right side with incontinence of urine (few drops) since 6-7 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

6 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is slight loss of water content of the L2-L3 disc.

There is seen an approximately 1.3 x 0.9 x 5.2 cms sized well-defined intradural mass lesion in the spinal canal centrally extending over the L1 and L2 vertebral levels. This lesion is nearly isointense to normal cord on the T1 Weighted images, but appears hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. The intraspinal nerve roots are displaced peripherally by the lesion. The tip of the conus medullaris is seen separately from the lesion.

Minimal posterior disc bulges are noted at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with slight left neural foraminal narrowing at the L4-L5 level.

Schmorls node is seen superior to the L3 vertebral body.







The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
16.0 mm at L2-L3
16.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
12.0 mm at L5-S1.

The dorsal spine was screened with the help of 4 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images, which does not reveal any diagnostic feature of note.

IMPRESSION :

An approximately 1.3 x 0.9 x 5.2 cms sized intradural mass lesion in the spinal canal, extending over the L1 and L2 vertebral levels as described, is not specific for a single etiology. An ependymoma or a nerve sheath tumor are likely possibilities.

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Plmn / F / 13 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyznadkat.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O swelling (deformity) over the upper dorsal region since childhood which has increased recently.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

7 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is evidence of a kyphoscoliotic deformity of the dorsal spine. There is slight anterior wedging of the mid and lower dorsal vertebrae over about D8 to D12 vertebral levels without change in signal intensity. Slight irregularity of the cortical endplates of these vertebrae is noted. The intervening intervertebral discs are reduced in height and show loss of water content. Small posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the mid and lower dorsal region. The mid dorsal spinal cord appears slightly smaller in diameter when compared to normal, without change in signal intensity. There is no cord compression.

The visualized dorsal vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.








The visualized dorsal spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L2 level.

IMPRESSION :

Kyphoscoliotic deformity of the dorsal spine with irregularity of cortical endplates of the mid and lower dorsal vertebrae as described. Scheurmanns disease may be considered as a likely possibility.

The mid dorsal spinal cord appears slightly atrophied, without change in signal intensity. No compressive lesion is identified.

sb/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzPalmn / M / 26 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc XyzBhojraj.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O Kochs spine 1 year ago. On AKT. For follow-up.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

The dorsal and cervical spines were screened with 5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is reduction in height with loss of water content of the D12-L1 disc and slight loss of water content of the L5-S1 disc.

The D12 vertebral body shows focal fatty marrow changes. A small posterior disc bulge with posterior peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the D12-L1 level.

The posterior elements of L5 appear unremarkable. Posterior disc bulges are noted at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.









The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
13.0 mm at L5-S1.

Screening, images of the upper dorsal and cervical spines do not reveal any significant feature of note.

IMPRESSION :

As compared to the previous MRI (study no:0000), dated 00.00.00,

1. The D12 vertebral body shows fatty marrow changes suggesting healing.

2. The D12-L1 disc is degenerated.

3. No soft tissue lesion is identified on the present study.

sb/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz G. Chlmn / M / 17 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhari
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache since 2-3 months.
C/O paraplegia since 15 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

The D10 vertebral body is as marked on the film.

There is near complete collapse of the D6 vertebral body. The D6 vertebral body and its posterior elements appear hypointense on the T1 Weighted images and heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. The D5-D6 and D6-D7 intervertebral discs are unremarkable. The cortical endplates of D6 appear intact. There is slight circumferential bulging of the D6 body. There is posterior epidural soft tissue lesion at the D6 vertebral level with resultant cord compression. The dorsal spinal cord at the D6 vertebral level appears hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images (isointense to normal cord on the T1 Weighted images) suggesting cord edema/ischemia.

There is slight anterior wedging of the D9 vertebral body which appears hypointense on the T1 Weighted images but isointense to normal vertebrae on the T2 Weighted images.
Scan-00006



The rest of the visualized dorsal vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level.

IMPRESSION :

Near complete collapse of the D6 vertebral body with altered signal as described is not specific for a single etiology. Tuberculous osteitis or round cell tumor may be considered as differential diagnosis.

Posterior epidural soft tissue is noted at the D6 vertebral level with cord compression. Cord signal alteration at this level suggest cord edema/ischemia.

The D9 vertebral body also shows altered signal.

sb/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzr Slmn / M / 50 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrankar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to BLE since 5 years which has increased since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L3-L4 and L4-L5 intervertebral discs.

There is Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 vertebra without obvious spondylolysis at L4, bilaterally. Resultant pseudoposterior disc bulge is noted at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing and lateral recess stenosis. The facet joints at the L4-L5 level show hypertrophic degenerative changes. An anterior disc herniation is also seen at this level.

Small postero-central protruded disc is noted at the L5-S1 level.

A posteriorly bulging disc with peridiscal osteophytes and bilateral neural foraminal narrowing is noted at the L3-L4 level.





The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

15.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
12.0 mm at L3-L4
8.0 mm at L4-L5
10.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 vertebra without obvious spondylolysis at L4, bilaterally.

2. A pseudoposterior disc bulge at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing and lateral recess stenosis with hypertrophic degenerative changes of the facet joints at this level.

3. Small postero-central protruded disc at the L5-S1 level.

4. A posteriorly bulging disc with peridiscal osteophytes and bilateral neural foraminal narrowing at the L3-L4 level.

ke/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzPolmn / F / 70 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzmpat.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O headaches, gait ataxia and drooping of the left eyelid since 2 days.
H/O fever since 10 days.
Known hypertensive.
H/O weakness of the RUE with altered speech 2 1/2 years back (has recovered).

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There are hypointense areas in the right temporo-occipital and the right high parietal region on the T1 Weighted images which are seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images. Few areas which are isointense to CSF are also noted in these lesions and would represent cystic changes. Sulcal spaces are prominent in this region.

A small hyperintense focus seen in the midbrain posteriorly, better appreciated on the FLAIR images (se/im 105.9).










There is mild fullness of the ventricular system. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and cerebellar folia bilaterally.

The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

1. Areas of encephalomalacia in the right temporo-occipital and the right high parietal region.

2. A focus of altered signal intensity in the midbrain posteriorly, is most likely ischemic in etiology.

3. Age related cerebral and cerebellar atrophy.