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Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12315

sb/bv/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzsh Shanlmn / M / 13 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzdar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures (2 episodes) since March 0000.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images through the region of interest.

OBSERVATION :

There is seen a well-marginated, approximately 1.0 x 0.9 x 1.2 cms sized hypointense lesion on the T1 Weighted images in the subcortical white matter in the left high parietal region. This lesion appears hyperintense on the proton and T2 Weighted images with a peripheral hypointense rim. A probable scolex is noted along the superior margin of the lesion, anteriorly. There is minimal perilesional edema.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

An approximately 1.0 x 0.9 x 1.2 cms size lesion in the subcortical white matter in the left high parietal region follows the signal characteristics of a cysticercus in the colloid vesicular stage.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12314

sb/bv/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzra Varlmn / M / 30 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzenoy.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with paresthesias since 5-6 years.
H/O fall 5-6 years back.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of normal lumbar lordosis and loss of water content of the L4-L5 intervertebral disc. The L4 and L5 vertebrae appear codfish in shape.

There is a posterior and left postero-lateral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the L4-L5 level with left neural foraminal narrowing (scan 102.1, 102.2, 104.8, 106.6) and probable indentation on the left L4 nerve root.

A minimal posterior disc bulge is seen at the L3-L4 level.

Slight bulge of the L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs into the body of L5, centrally is noted.







The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

17.0 mm at L1-L2
16.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
14.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

Degenerated L4-L5 disc with a posterior and left postero-lateral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at that level narrowing the left neural foramen and with probable indentation upon the left L4 nerve root.








Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12313

sb/hs/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzan Jlmn / M / 73 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzcha.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O radicular pain in the RLE with tingling since 8 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is sacralization of the L5 vertebra and it is as marked on the film.

There is loss of water content of all the lumbar intervertebral discs.

There is a postero-central and right postero-lateral disc herniation at the L4-L5 level with right neural foraminal narrowing. A sequestered disc fragment is noted in the right lateral recess of the L5 vertebra and indenting the traversing right L5 nerve root. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is noted at the L4-L5 and L5 levels. The L4-L5 facet joints show hypertrophic degenerative changes.

A small posterior disc bulge is noted at the L3-L4 level. A small right postero-lateral disc herniation is seen to narrow the right neural foramen at the L3-L4 level.
Scan-00003

Right far lateral (exrtraforaminal) disc herniations are seen to indent the extraforaminal portion of the exiting right L3 and L4 nerve roots at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels, respectively.

The remaining lumbar vertebral bodies show fatty marrow changes. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

17.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
16.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
11.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Sacralization of the L5 vertebra.

2. A postero-central and right postero-lateral disc herniation at the L4-L5 level with a sequestered disc fragment in the right lateral recess of the L5 vertebra and indenting the traversing right L5 nerve root.

3. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy at the L4-L5 and L5 levels and hypertrophic facetal arthropathy at the L4-L5 level.

4. Right far lateral (extraforaminal) disc herniations indenting the extraforaminal portion of the exiting right L3 and L4 nerve roots at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels respectively.

5. A small right postero-lateral disc herniation at the L3-L4 level.








Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12312

ke/sb/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzabholmn / M / 50 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrges.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

H/O giddiness with fall and loss of consciousness with right sided hemiplegia 2 years back. Weakness on the right side still persists.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick Fast Scan (T2 *) coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a hypointense area in the left putamen extending into the left corona radiata on the T1 Weighted images which is seen to turn hyperintense on the proton and T2 Weighted images and would represent an old infarct. Resultant focal dilatation of the left lateral ventricle is noted. Similar area is seen in the genu of the internal capsule on the left side.

Lacunar infarcts are noted in the right lentiform nucleus.

Ill-defined, hyperintense areas are seen in the periventricular white matter on the proton, T2 Weighted images and FLAIR images and may represent ischemic changes.

There is mild dilatation of both the lateral and third ventricles with fullness of the fourth ventricle. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and cerebellar folia bilaterally. The basal cisternal spaces are also prominent. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.



Incidental note is made of maxillary sinusitis and inflammatory changes in the ethmoidal air cells.

IMPRESSION :

1. Old infarcts in the left putamen extending into the left corona radiata and in the genu of the internal capsule on the left side.

2. Lacunar infarcts in the right lentiform nucleus.

3. Areas of ischemia in the periventricular white matter.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12311

ke/sb/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzVinlmn / M / 46 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrekh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with paresthesias since 3-4 years which has increased in 5-6 months.
H/O fall many years ago.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a small posterior disc bulge and bilateral far lateral disc herniations at the L5-S1 level with indentation upon the extraforaminal portion of the L5 nerve roots.

A small posterior disc bulge is seen at the L4-L5 level.

The lumbar facet joints appear hypertrophied.

Anterior disc herniations with anterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted in the dorso-lumbar region.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.
scan-00001


The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
16.0 mm at L2-L3
15.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
12.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. A small posterior disc bulge and bilateral far lateral disc herniations at the L5-S1 level with indentation upon the extraforaminal portion of the L5 nerve roots.

2. Facetal hypertrophy in the lumbar region.









Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12309

sb/bv/rg/nl
/10 Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz lmn / M / 20 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhta.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorso-lumbar Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the RLE with occasional tingling since 1 month.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorso-lumbar spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is slight loss of water content of the D6-D7, D7-D8 and D8-D9 intervertebral discs.

Small posterior disc bulges with peridiscal osteophytes are seen at the D6-D7, D7-D8 and D8-D9 levels.

The visualized dorso-lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The visualized dorsal spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity. There is no cord compression.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level.

IMPRESSION :

No significant abnormality is detected on this study.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12308

ke/sb/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Slmn / M / 30 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyznghal.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O diminished vision of both eyes since 2 months.
C/O diplopia and burning sensation in both eyes.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

After administration of contrast, the following parameters were used :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial images with magnetization transfer.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a hypointense focus in the right frontal periventricular white matter on the T1 Weighted images which is seen to turn hyperintense on the proton and T2 Weighted images and would represent a lacunar infarct.

The optic nerves show normal course and signal intensity. The cavernous sinuses are unremarkable.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.




After administration of contrast, there is no abnormal area of enhancement within the brain parenchyma or the meninges.

Incidental note is made of bilateral maxillary sinusitis with a hypetrophied left inferior nasal turbinate.

IMPRESSION :

A lacunar infarct in the right frontal periventricular white matter.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12307

ke/sb/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzi Chlmn / F / 3 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzraf.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures on 00.00.00.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12306

ke/sb/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xlmn / F / 10 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzmat.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE:

C/O quadriparesis with bladder involvement since 6 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is basilar invagination and the tip of the odontoid process shows superior migration with compression upon the cervico-medullary junction. There is a hyperintense signal in the cervico-medullary junction at this level on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images which is isointense to normal cord on the T1 Weighted images suggestive of cord edema/ischemia.

The clivus is placed horizontally and there is occipitalization of the atlas.

The cervical vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable. The left facet joint is hypertrophied at the C3-C4 level.


Enlarged lymphnodes are noted deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, bilaterally.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of basilar invagination with the tip of the odontoid process compressing upon the cervico-medullary junction with cord signal alteration at this level suggestive of cord edema/ischemia. The C1 is occipitalized.


Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12305

ke/sb/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzPalmn / M / 59 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache since 2-3 years which has increased since 2-3 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is an intermediate signal intensity lesion on the T1 Weighted images which measures approximately 0.8 x 1.2 cms in the spinous process of the D8 vertebra. This is seen to turn hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. There is expansion of the spinous process but no obvious break in the cortex is noted.

The visualized dorsal vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The visualized dorsal spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity. There is no cord compression.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level.





IMPRESSION :

Altered signal in the spinous process of the D8 vertebral body measuring approximately 0.8 x 1.2 cms is not specific for a single etiology. The differential diagnosis would include :

1. Aneurysm bone cyst.

2. Giant cell tumor.

3. Metastasis.

4. Infective lesion like tuberculosis.