hs/sb/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzNagalmn / M / 56 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzdar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache since 3 years.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

A small left paracentral disc herniation is seen at the L5-S1 level.

A posterior disc bulge is seen to indent the thecal sac at the L4-L5 level. Mild facetal hypertrophy is noted at this level.

The L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs show loss of water content.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.








The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

21.0 mm at L1-L2
20.0 mm at L2-L3
16.0 mm at L3-L4
15.0 mm at L4-L5
13.0 mm at L5-S1.

Screening, T2 Weighted sagittal images of the dorsal spine reveal small posterior peridiscal osteophytes in the middorsal region, with degenerated discs.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of a small left paracentral disc herniation at the L5-S1 level.

hs/sb/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzNagalmn / M / 56 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzdar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE:

C/O neckpain radiating to the LUE since 6 years.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is fusion of the C5 and C6 vertebral bodies. There is a decrease in their antero-posterior dimensions as compared to other vertebral bodies which most likely represents congenital fusion.

A posterior disc bulge with peridiscal osteophytes (hard disc) is seen to indent the thecal sac at the C6-C7 level.

A posterior disc bulge is seen to indent the thecal sac at the C2-C3 level. Small posterior peridiscal osteophytes are seen at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels.

The right C4-C5 facet joint shows hypertrophic degenerative changes.

A posterior disc bulge with small posterior peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the D2-D3 level.
Scan-00000



An anterior disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is seen at the C6-C7 level. The cervical intervertebral discs normal show loss of water content. Areas of fatty replacement of normal marrow are seen in the cervical vertebral bodies.

The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The cervical spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

1. Congenital fusion of the C5 and C6 vertebrae.

2. A posterior disc bulge with peridiscal osteophytes (hard disc) at the C6-C7 level.

3. A posterior disc bulge with small posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the D2-D3 level.

4. Hypertrophic facetal arthropathy on the right side at the C4-C5 level.

ke/sb/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzz Delmn / F / 1 yr 10 mnths.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz. Parmar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O fever, vomiting, loose motions and convulsions since 1 day.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex on either side is unremarkable.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

sb/hs/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz C. Kulklmn / F / 59 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the RLE with paresthesias 2 months ago.
Alleged H/O fall 2 months back.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
4 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is seen a fairly large, approximately 7.5 x 7.0 x 7.5 cms sized heterogeneous signal intensity mass lesion in the right paravertebral region extending over the D4 to D8 vertebral levels. This lesion is predominantly of intermediate signal on the T1 Weighted images and turns predominantly hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. Focal hypointense areas are noted within this lesion on all the pulse sequences.

There is erosion of the right lateral margin, right pedicle and transverse process and the right lamina of the D6 vertebra with extension of the lesion into the epidural space on the right and posteriorly over the D5-D6 disc level to the D6-D7 disc level. There is resultant cord compression and displacement of the dorsal spinal cord anteriorly and to the left over these levels. The dorsal spinal cord at these levels shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images suggesting cord edema/ischemia. The costo-vertebral, costo-transverse joints and the posterior segment of the right sixth rib are also not well identified. Slight extension of the mass lesion into the posterior paraspinal muscles on the right is also noted.
..2/.






The D6 vertebral body appears hypointense on the T1 Weighted images and hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. Minimal forward translation of the D6 over D7 vertebra is noted. The D5-D6 and D6-D7 intervertebral discs are unremarkable.

Facetal hypertrophy is noted at the D9-D10 and D10-D11 levels with effacement of the posterior CSF space. Small postero-central protruded discs are noted at the D12-L1 and L1-L2 levels.

The rest of the visualized dorsal vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow changes. Some of the dorsal intervertebral discs show loss of water content. The remaining facet joints are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1-L2 level.

IMPRESSION :

1. A fairly large, approximately 7.5 x 7.0 x 7.5 cms sized heterogeneous signal intensity mass lesion in the right paravertebral region extending over the D4 to D8 vertebral levels, with extension into the spinal canal as described, most likely represents a nerve sheath tumor. There is resultant cord compression and cord signal alteration over the D5-D6 to D6-D7 disc levels.

2. Facetal hypertrophy at the D9-D10 and D10-D11 levels and small postero-central disc protrusions at the D12-L1 and L1-L2 levels.

As compared to the previous CT Scan dated 00.00.00, there is an increase in the size of the lesion.

ke/sh/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza D. Slmn / F / 48 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc XyzV. Shah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the RLE with paresthesias since 15 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a small posterior and right far lateral disc herniation at the L4-L5 level with anterior indentation of the thecal sac and right neural foraminal narrowing. There is indentation upon the extraforaminal portion of the exiting right L4 nerve root.

A posterior disc herniation with small posterior peridiscal osteophytes is seen at the L5-S1 level. Bilateral far lateral (extraforaminal) disc bulges are seen at this level.

The L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs show loss of water content. The L5-S1 intervertebral disc is decreased in height.

Type II degenerative changes are noted in the L5 and S1 vertebral bodies adjacent to the L5-S1 intervertebral disc.

The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
..2/.






The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

18.0 mm at L1-L2
19.0 mm at L2-L3
17.0 mm at L3-L4
15.0 mm at L4-L5
12.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. A small posterior and right far lateral disc herniation at the L4-L5 level with indentation upon the extraforaminal portion of the exiting right L4 nerve root.

2. A posterior disc herniation with small posterior peridiscal osetophytes at the L5-S1 level.

hs/ke/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzi lmn / F / 64yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O inability to see short distance objects from right eye since Cataract operation in October 0000.
Known diabetic.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

3 mm thick STIR coronal images.

After administration of contrast, the following parameters were used :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial and coronal images with magnetization transfer.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images with fat saturation.

OBSERVATION :

There is evidence of a well-defined lobulated extra-axial mass lesion which is near isointense to grey matter on all the pulse sequences in the frontal regions bilaterally. It is a broad based lesion with its base being towards the floor of the anterior cranial fossa.
Scan-00006


This lesion shows a CSF rim around it with presence of pial vessels at its periphery. This lesion is seen to extend into the ethmoidal air cells, sphenoid sinus, left superior orbital fissure and left orbital apex. Also seen is erosion of the medial wall of the left orbit with extension into the left orbit and displacement of the medial rectus muscle. The left optic nerve in the orbital apex cannot be identified separately from this lesion. The intracranial optic nerves, optic chiasm and pituitary stalk cannot be identified separately from this lesion.

The lesion is seen to compress upon the frontal lobes with superior and lateral displacement with underlying white matter edema. Also seen is compression and splaying of the frontal horns bilaterally. There is compression upon the genu of the corpus callosum. Also seen is displacement of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. The lesion is seen to occupy the suprasellar cistern.

After contrast administration this lesion shows dense and homogeneous enhancement.

The third and fourth ventricles are unremarkable.

A polyp is noted in the left maxillary sinus.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of a large extra-axial mass lesison in the bifrontal region with extensions as described and this most likely represents a meningioma.

ke/sb/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Lolmn / F / 22 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhtekar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to BLE (left more than right) since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is replacement of the normal marrow of the L4 and the L5 vertebral bodies by hypointense areas on the T1 Weighted images. These are seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. Subtle altered signal is also seen in the anterior and superior portion of the S1 vertebral body. There is breach in the cortical endplates of the L5 vertebra and the inferior cortical endplate of the L4 vertebral body with involvement of the L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs. There is soft tissue encroachment into the L4-L5 neural foramina bilaterally and the L5-S1 neural foramina on the right side with encasement of the exiting nerve roots. There is slight prevertebral soft tissue extension over the L4 to S1 levels. The right psoas muscle is involved by the pathology extending over the L3-L4 disc to iliac levels which appears bulky and shows intermediate signal intensity on the T1 Weighted images and turns hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. Left paravertebral soft tissue extension is noted over the L3 to S1 levels.



The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
16.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
12.0 mm at L4-L5
14.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of altered signal of the L4 and L5 vertebrae and the L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs with extensions as described and most probably represents a granulomatous infective process like tuberculosis. A large right psoas abscess is noted as described.

The possibility of a neoplastic process is less likely.

sb/hs/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Almn / M / 32 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz. Shah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache with pain radiating to BLE (right more than left) since 7 years.
Alleged H/O jump from a height prior to this.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L1-L2, L2-L3 and L3-L4 intervertebral discs. There is mild retroplacement of the L2 vertebra over the L3 vertebra.

Posteriorly bulging discs are noted at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with bilateral facetal hypertrophy and canal stenosis.

Small posterior disc bulge is seen at the L3-L4 level.

A small postero-central disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the L2-L3 level, indenting the dural theca anteriorly.

Minimal anterior wedging of the L4 vertebral body is noted.

Type II degenerative marrow changes are noted adjacent to the superior cortical endplates of the L3 and L4 vertebral bodies.


The pedicles of the lower lumbar vertebrae appear congenitally short in their antero-posterior dimensions.

The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

14.0 mm at L1-L2
9.0 mm at L2-L3
9.0 mm at L3-L4
7.0 mm at L4-L5
7.0 mm at L5-S1.

Incidentally noted is an ectopic right kidney.

IMPRESSION :

1. Posteriorly bulging discs at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with bilateral facetal hypertrophy.

2. A small posterior disc bulge with a tight canal at the L3-L4 level.

3. A small postero-central disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes with a tight canal at the L2-L3 level.

4. Congenitally short pedicles of the lower lumbar vertebrae in their antero-posterior dimensions with canal stenosis at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

5. Ectopic right kidney.

sb/ke/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz D. Glmn / F / 45 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc XyzBhojraj.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with paresthesias.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

A posteriorly herniated disc with peridiscal osteophyte is noted at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing. Bilateral far lateral disc bulges are also noted with indentation upon the extraforaminal segment of the left L4 nerve root. This disc shows loss of water content.

Slight hypertrophy of the L3-L4 and L4-L5 facet joints is noted with minimal fluid in the L4-L5 facet joints.

Type II degenerative marrow changes are noted adjacent to the L4-L5 intervertebral disc.

The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
Scan-00003



The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
15.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
11.0 mm at L5-S1.

The T1 Weighted coronal images of the S. I. joints do not reveal any significant feature of note.

IMPRESSION :

Degenerated L4-L5 disc with a posteriorly herniated disc with peridiscal osteophyte at that level. Bilateral far lateral disc bulges are also noted with indentation upon the extraforaminal portion of the left L4 nerve root.

sb/ke/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzp Slmn / M / 17 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzpadia / Dr. Abc Xyzgrawal.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O low back pain and in the right hip region since 3-4 months.
Patient slipped prior to this.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

The L5 vertebral body is as marked on the film.

There is loss of water content of the lower dorsal and upper lumbar intervertebral discs.

A small postero-central protruded disc with peridiscal osteophyte is noted at the D11-D12 level, minimally indenting the dural theca and the dorsal spinal cord anteriorly.

The lower dorsal spinal cord however, shows normal signal intensity.

Schmorls node is noted in the L3 vertebral body.







The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

15.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
16.0 mm at L3-L4
15.0 mm at L4-L5
16.0 mm at L5-S1.

The T1 Weighted coronal images of the S. I. joints do not reveal any significant feature of note.

IMPRESSION :

A small postero-central protruded disc with peridiscal osteophyte at the D11-D12 level.