ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzi L. Amlmn / F / 5 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

H/O ? terror attacks with high fever.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.

Prominent perivascular spaces are noted in the lentiform nucleii bilaterally.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Incidental note is made of enlarged adenoids.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzshna lmn / M / 49 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhta / Dr. Abc Xyz Shah.
Examination : Intracranial and Neck M.R.A.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

Known hypertensive/diabetic/IHD.
H/O epilepsy since 0000.

EXAMINATION :

Intracranial and neck MRA were performed with 3D TOF and 2D TOF sequences, respectively.

OBSERVATION :

INTRACRANIAL MRA :

The petrous, cavernous and supraclinoid segments of the internal carotid arteries bilaterally show normal signal and calibre. The visualized anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, basilar, vertebral and posterior cerebral arteries also show normal signal, calibre and wall margins. No obvious aneurysm or vascular malformation is identified.

NECK MRA :

The common carotid arteries and their extracranial branches appear normal bilaterally. There are no vessel wall irregularities or stenosis of the vessels noted.

IMPRESSION :

No significant abnormality detected within the brain parenchyma or intracranial /neck MRA on this study.

Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz A. Chlmn / M / 26 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhta.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O gait imbalance, tremors in BUE and dysarthria since 2 years.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is evidence of atrophy of the putamen and the caudate nuclei bilaterally, with increase in the
signal intensity on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images. Resultant mild fullness of the lateral and third ventricles is noted.

The fourth ventricle is normal. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and the basal cisternal spaces bilaterally. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the maxillary antra bilaterally.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features suggest atrophy of the putamen and caudate nuclei bilaterally with prominent sulcal spaces and the basal cisternal spaces. These changes may be seen in Huntingtons disease and other extrapyramidal syndromes.

Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzNoorulmn / F / 65 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzapadia.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the RLE with paresthesias since 6 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 vertebra, without obvious spondylolysis.

Minimal pseudoposterior disc bulge is noted at the L4-L5 level with slight left neural foraminal narrowing.

A left far lateral disc bulge is also noted at this level.

A minimal posterior disc bulge is noted at the L3-L4 level.

Hypertrophic facetal arthropathy is noted at the L4-L5 an L5-S1 levels on the left. There is also capsular ligament hypertrophy at the L4-L5 level with canal stenosis at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

The lumbar vertebral bodies show fatty marrow changes suggesting osteoporosis. The lumbar intervertebral discs except the L5-S1 disc show loss of water content. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.
...2/..







- 2 -


The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

15.0 mm at L1-L2

13.0 mm at L2-L3

13.0 mm at L3-L4

10.0 mm at L4-L5

8.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 vertebra, without obvious spondylolysis.

2. Minimal pseudoposterior disc bulge with a left far lateral disc bulge at the L4-L5 level.

3. Hypertrophic facetal arthropathy at the L4-L5 an L5-S1 levels on the left and capsular ligament hypertrophy at the L4-L5 level with canal stenosis at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

sb/bv
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 48 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzichgar / Dr. Abc Xyzingh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

Patient in unconscious state since 12.25 am of 00.00.00.
ECG s/o acute inferior wall MI.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick Fast Scan (T2 *) coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

The pons appears swollen. There is seen an ill-marginated, iso to hyperintense lesion on the T1 Weighted images in the pons, centrally, which remains hyperintense on the proton and T2 Weighted images, but shows linear hypointense signal on the Fast Scan (T2 *) images. This lesion most likely represents a hyperacute to acute pontine hematoma. Hyperintense signal on the proton and T2 Weighted images in the lower midbrain and upper medulla may represent clot retraction/
perilesional edema. Slight effacement of the peripontine cisterns and the fourth ventricle is noted.

There is mild fullness of both the lateral and third ventricles. Lacunar infarcts are noted in the left thalamus and right lentiform nucleus, superiorly.

There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the right mastoid air cells and the ethmoidal air cells bilaterally.

Susceptibility artifacts are noted in the right high parietal region with a probable soft tissue scalp injury in the right high parietal region.
...2/..









00007
- 2 -


IMPRESSION :

1. Altered signal in the pons, as described, most likely represents a hyperacute to acute pontine hematoma.

2. Lacunar infarcts in the left thalamus and right lentiform nucleus.

3. Scalp injury in the right high parietal region.

Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzhlmn / F / 45 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyztchha.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the RLE with paresthesias since several years which has increased since 15-20 days.
H/O fall 3-4 years back.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L2-L3 to L5-S1 intervertebral discs.

There is a fairly large, right paracentral extruded disc at the L5-S1 level, indenting the traversing right S1 nerve root.

A posterior and a left far lateral disc bulge is noted at the L4-L5 level with slight bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.

A small, postero-central protruded disc is noted at the L3-L4 level.

The facet joints at the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels appear slightly hypertrophied. Slight ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is also noted at the L5 vertebral level.

The lumbar vertebral bodies adjacent to the intervertebral discs show Type II degenerative marrow changes. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.
...2/..







- 2 -


The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

20.0 mm at L1-L2

19.0 mm at L2-L3

15.0 mm at L3-L4

15.0 mm at L4-L5

9.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. A fairly large, right paracentral extruded disc at the L5-S1 level, indenting the traversing right S1 nerve root.

2. A posterior and a left far lateral disc bulge at the L4-L5 level.

3. A small, postero-central protruded disc at the L3-L4 level.

4. Facetal hypertrophy at the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz M.R. Sallmn / F / 50 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz. Jani.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O neckpain radiating to the RUE with numbness since 2 years.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is reduction in height and loss of water content of the cervical intervertebral discs.

There is loss of normal cervical lordosis.

Fairly large, posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the C3-C4, C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels, indenting the dural theca anteriorly.

The cervical vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow changes. The D1 vertebral body shows a hyperintense signal on all the pulse sequences, with linear striations suggesting a hemangioma. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The cervical spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

Incidentally noted are small, deep cervical lymph nodes, bilaterally.

IMPRESSION :

1. Fairly large, posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the C3-C4, C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels.
2. D1 vertebral body hemangioma.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 56 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz Shah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O neckpain radiating to BUE with paresthesias since 2-3 years which has increased over the last 2 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the cervical intervertebral discs.

There is evidence of continuous ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament extending over the C2 to C6 vertebral levels.

Postero-central disc herniations with posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the C2-C3, C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels, indenting the cervical spinal cord at the C2-C3 and C3-C4 levels.

Left paracentral disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels, indenting the cervical spinal cord anteriorly and to the left of the midline and narrowing the left neural foramen.

Slight prominence of the ligamentum flavum is noted in the mid cervical region over the C3-C4 to C6-C7 levels.

The facet joints in the cervical region appear hypertrophied.

The cervical vertebral bodies show spotty fatty changes suggestive of osteoporosis. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
...2/..






00004

- 2 -


The cervical spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

1. Continuous ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament extending over the C2 to C6 vertebral levels.

2. Postero-central disc herniations with posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the C2-C3, C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels.

3. Left paracentral disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes at the C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels indenting the cervical spinal cord on the left side at these levels and narrowing the left neural foramen.

sb/bv
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzang Kalmn / M / 26 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzisheri.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O fever since 1 month.
C/O altered sensorium since 2 days. ?? HIV.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick T2 Weighted coronal images.

IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION.

OBSERVATION :

There is an ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the proton and T2 Weighted images in the left anterior capsular region, head of left caudate nucleus, in the right lentiform nucleus and external capsular region. These lesions appear hypointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images. Mild indentation on the frontal horn of the left lateral ventricle is noted by the lesion in the head of left caudate nucleus.

There are multiple small, hypointense lesions on the T2 Weighted images in the right frontal cortex and in the right high fronto-parietal cortex, with perilesional edema. These lesions appear hypointense on the T1 Weighted images.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are otherwise normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
...2/..











00003
- 2 -

IMPRESSION :

1. Altered signal in the left anterior capsular region, head of left caudate nucleus, in the right lentiform nucleus and external capsular region is not specific for a single etiology. These lesions may represent ischemic changes, or may represent granulomas.

2. Multiple, small, lesions in the right frontal cortex and in the right high fronto-parietal cortex as described, also most likely represent granulomas.

A contrast enhanced scan is essential.

sb.bv
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Negalmn / M / 55 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzpadia.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O occasional giddiness with increased BP since 8 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

The CP angle cistern, brainstem and seventh and eighth nerve complex appears unremarkable.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and cerebellar folia bilaterally. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

No significant abnormality is detected on this study.