hs/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzllah Huslmn / M / 56 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O tremors in both hands with difficulty in walking and speaking (? parkinsonism).

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted , Proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of abnormal signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal.. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no midline shift. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

No abnormality detected within the brain on this study.

Date : 00.00.00
sb/hs
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz A. Chalmn / F / 58 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzgrankar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O radicular pain in BLE, right more than left since 6 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images

OBSERVATION :

There is minimal forward translation of the L4 vertebra over the L5 vertebra.

There is slight scoliosis of the spine with convexity to the right.

There is loss of water content of the lumbar intervertebral discs.

There is a small postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level. The L4-L5 and L5-S1 facet joints show degenerative changes.

There is a posteriorly herniated disc at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing. There is ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and canal stenosis.

The lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualised pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

Anterior disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes are seen in the upper lumbar region.



The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

17.0 mm at L1-L2

19.0 mm at L2-L3

17.0 mm at L3-L4

10.0 mm at L4-L5

11.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Minimal forward translation of the L4 vertebra over the L5 vertebra.

2. A small postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level.

3. A posteriorly herniated disc at the L4-L5 level with ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and canal stenosis.

4. Hypertrophic facetal arthropathy at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

hs/bv
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xylmn / F / 37 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzehta.
Examination: Post-contrast study of the IAM.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O vertigo.

EXAMINATION :

The brain was scanned with 5 mm thick T2 Weighted axial images.

After administration of contrast, the following parameters were used :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial and coronal images with magnetization transfer.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted axial and coronal images with fat saturation through the IAM.

OBSERVATION :

There is no area of focal signal alteration within the brain parenchyma on the T2 Weighted images. Ventricular system is unremarkable. Inflammatory changes are seen withn the ethmoidal air cells and both maxillary sinuses.

There is no focal area of abnormal enhancement along the seventh and eighth cranial nerve complex on either side, within the brain parenchyma or along the meninges.

IMPRESSION :

No abnormality detected within the brain and along the seventh and eighth cranial nerve complex on either side on this study.

Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzhari Jailmn / M / 25 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzichale.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O neck pain with weakness in the LUE and LLE and paresthesias in the RUE and RLE since 2 1 /2 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of normal cervical lordosis and loss of water content of the cervical intervertebral discs.

A congenital block C5/C6 vertebra is noted.

There is a fairly large, left paracentral extruded disc at the C4-C5 level with cord compression. Slight inferior migration of the disc fragment is noted. The cervical cord at this level shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images suggesting cord edema/ischemia.

Small posterior disc bulges are noted at the C3-C4 and C6-C7 levels.

The cervical vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The atlanto-axial region and cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.






- 2 -


IMPRESSION :

1. A congenital block C5/C6 vertebra.

2. A fairly large, left paracentral extruded disc at the C4-C5 level with cord compression.

3. Altered cord signal at the C4-C5 level suggests cord edema/ischemia.

Date : 00.00.00
hs/sb
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzhaturlmn / F / 65 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz Sampat.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O progressive dementia with right focal findings (? multi-infarct dementia).

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted , proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

FEW IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION INSPITE OF SEDATION.

OBSERVATION :

Areas of hypointensity on the T1 Weighted images which turn hyperintense on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images are noted within the pons, periventricular white matter and corona radiata bilaterally.

Fairly well-defined areas which are iso to hyperintense to CSF on all the pulse sequences (lacunar infarcts) are seen within the lentiform nuclei, thalamus and corona radiata bilaterally.

There is mild fullness of the ventricular system and prominence of the basal cisternal spaces, cerebral cortical sulci and cerebellar folia bilaterally.

A CSF intensity lesion is seen lateral to the left cerebellar hemisphere (with indentation upon it) which may represent an arachnoid cyst). Note is made of an empty sella.

The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.




- 2 -



IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of :

1. Areas of altered signal within the pons, periventricular white matter and corona radiata bilaterally are most likely ischemic in etiology.

2. Lacunar infarcts within the lentiform nuclei, thalamus and corona radiata bilaterally.

The above findings may be seen with multi-infarct dementia.

3. A probable arachnoid cyst, lateral to the left cerebellar hemisphere.

Date : 00.00.00
hs/sb
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzhaturlmn / F / 65 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz Sampat.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O progressive dementia with right focal findings (? multi-infarct dementia).

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted , proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

FEW IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION INSPITE OF SEDATION.

OBSERVATION :

Areas of hypointensity on the T1 Weighted images which turn hyperintense on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images are noted within the pons, periventricular white matter and corona radiata bilaterally.

Fairly well-defined areas which are iso to hyperintense to CSF on all the pulse sequences (lacunar infarcts) are seen within the lentiform nuclei, thalamus and corona radiata bilaterally.

There is mild fullness of the ventricular system and prominence of the basal cisternal spaces, cerebral cortical sulci and cerebellar folia bilaterally.

A CSF intensity lesion is seen lateral to the left cerebellar hemisphere (with indentation upon it) which may represent an arachnoid cyst). Note is made of an empty sella.

The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.




- 2 -



IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of :

1. Areas of altered signal within the pons, periventricular white matter and corona radiata bilaterally are most likely ischemic in etiology.

2. Lacunar infarcts within the lentiform nuclei, thalamus and corona radiata bilaterally.

The above findings may be seen with multi-infarct dementia.

3. A probable arachnoid cyst, lateral to the left cerebellar hemisphere.

Date : 00.00.00
sb/bv
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz. Vinlmn / F / 30 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O low back pain radiating to the RLE since 1 month.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs.

There is slight retroplacement of the L4 over the L5 vertebral bodies.

There are posteriorly herniated discs with posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels. Resultant mild indentation upon the traversing right L5 and S1 nerve roots, respectively is noted. Slight right neural foraminal narrowing is noted at the L4-L5 level.

The facet joints at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels appear slgihtly hypertrophied. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is also seen at the L4-L5 level.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.
Anterior disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes are seen in the upper lumbar region.

- 2 -


The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

18.0 mm at L1-L2

15.0 mm at L2-L3

17.0 mm at L3-L4

12.0 mm at L4-L5

9.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

Degenerated L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs with posteriorly herniated discs with posterior peridiscal osteophytes at these levels. Indentation on the traversing right L5 and S1 nerve roots, respectively is noted. The lumbar canal is tight at these levels.

Date : 00.00.00
sb/bv
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzshi B. Chlmn / F / 25 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of Both Hips & S. I. Joints.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain in the right hip since 1 month following intramuscular injection for abdominal pain.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of both hips and S. I. Joints was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and 6 mm thick T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

The L5 vertebra is sacralized.

There is an ill-defined hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and STIR images in the right gluteus medius muscle along the right iliac wing. This lesion appears isointense to the normal muscle on the T1 Weighted images.

There is no focal or diffuse area of altered signal in the bones comprising the hip joints and sacro-iliac joints on either side. There is no bony destruction/erosion or joint effusion noted.

The visualized musculature of the pelvis appears normal.

The right ovarian cyst is visualized.

IMPRESSION :

Ill-defined altered signal in the right gluteus medius muscle most likely is the sequelae of previous intramuscular injection (? local myositis). No collection/abscess is noted. The visualized hip joints and sacro-iliac joints are unremarkable.

sb..
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzha lmn / F / 12 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzralay.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O right foot drop since 00.00.00.
H/O fall prior to this.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

Small posterior disc bulges are noted at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs show normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
12.0 mm at L5-S1.

The lower dorsal spinal cord upto the D9 vertebral level is unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

Small posterior disc bulges at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

sb..
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzha lmn / F / 12 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzralay.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O right foot drop since 00.00.00.
H/O fall prior to this.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

Small posterior disc bulges are noted at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs show normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
12.0 mm at L5-S1.

The lower dorsal spinal cord upto the D9 vertebral level is unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

Small posterior disc bulges at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.