MRI Reports (3472)
MRI Reports Database
hs/bv
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzed Samlmn / M / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlwalkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE:
C/O neckpain since 4-5 months with painful movements.
H/O fever prior to this.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.
Flexion and Extension images were obtained using 5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.
OBSERVATION :
Irregularly defined areas of hypointensity on the T1 Weighted images which turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images are seen to involve the odontoid process and left lateral mass of the C2 vertebra. There appears to be extension of this pathologic process into the periodontoid space (the odontoid is displaced to the right) and anterior to the left lateral mass of the C2 vertebra. There is mild indentation upon the cervico-medullary junction and upper cord by the odontoid process. There is suspicious involvement of the right occipital condyle by the lesion.
The atlanto-dens interval is seen to measure approximately 5.0 mms. There is no significant change on the flexion and extension images.
- 2 - Scan - 00001
Enlarged cervical lymph nodes are seen deep to the sternomastoid muscle bilaterally.
The rest of the cervical vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka are unremarkable.
The cervical spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.
Screening of the dorsal and lumbar spine shows no significant feature of note. Note is made made of a distended bladder.
IMPRESSION :
The MRI features are suggestive of a pathologic process involving the C2 vertebra and right occipital condyle with minimal atlanto-axial subluxation as described. This may be the result of an infective process like tuberculosis.
The possibility of a neoplastic process like a small cell tumor is less likely.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzed Samlmn / M / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlwalkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE:
C/O neckpain since 4-5 months with painful movements.
H/O fever prior to this.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.
Flexion and Extension images were obtained using 5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.
OBSERVATION :
Irregularly defined areas of hypointensity on the T1 Weighted images which turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images are seen to involve the odontoid process and left lateral mass of the C2 vertebra. There appears to be extension of this pathologic process into the periodontoid space (the odontoid is displaced to the right) and anterior to the left lateral mass of the C2 vertebra. There is mild indentation upon the cervico-medullary junction and upper cord by the odontoid process. There is suspicious involvement of the right occipital condyle by the lesion.
The atlanto-dens interval is seen to measure approximately 5.0 mms. There is no significant change on the flexion and extension images.
- 2 - Scan - 00001
Enlarged cervical lymph nodes are seen deep to the sternomastoid muscle bilaterally.
The rest of the cervical vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka are unremarkable.
The cervical spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.
Screening of the dorsal and lumbar spine shows no significant feature of note. Note is made made of a distended bladder.
IMPRESSION :
The MRI features are suggestive of a pathologic process involving the C2 vertebra and right occipital condyle with minimal atlanto-axial subluxation as described. This may be the result of an infective process like tuberculosis.
The possibility of a neoplastic process like a small cell tumor is less likely.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzm B. Chlmn / M / 68 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O involuntary movements since 2-3 years. Similar complaints in his son.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There are ill-defined, hyperintense areas on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the left lentiform nucleus and the periventricular white matter bilaterally. These lesions appear hypointense on the T1 Weighted images and most likely represent ischemic changes.
The putamen and head of the caudate nucleus bilaterally, appear slightly smaller in size, more so on the right side.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral ventricles. There is slight fullness of the third ventricle. The fourth ventricle is normal. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally.
There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
- 2 - Scan - 00000
Inflammatory changes are noted in the ethmoidal air cells and frontal sinuses.
IMPRESSION :
1. Altered signal in the left lentiform nucleus and periventricular white matter bilaterally most likely represents ischemic changes.
2. Slight atrophy of the putamen and head of the caudate nucleus bilaterally - neurodegenerative disorders may be considered as a likely possibility.
3. Mild cerebral cortical atrophy.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzm B. Chlmn / M / 68 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O involuntary movements since 2-3 years. Similar complaints in his son.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There are ill-defined, hyperintense areas on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the left lentiform nucleus and the periventricular white matter bilaterally. These lesions appear hypointense on the T1 Weighted images and most likely represent ischemic changes.
The putamen and head of the caudate nucleus bilaterally, appear slightly smaller in size, more so on the right side.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral ventricles. There is slight fullness of the third ventricle. The fourth ventricle is normal. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally.
There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
- 2 - Scan - 00000
Inflammatory changes are noted in the ethmoidal air cells and frontal sinuses.
IMPRESSION :
1. Altered signal in the left lentiform nucleus and periventricular white matter bilaterally most likely represents ischemic changes.
2. Slight atrophy of the putamen and head of the caudate nucleus bilaterally - neurodegenerative disorders may be considered as a likely possibility.
3. Mild cerebral cortical atrophy.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzmal lmn / M / 60 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O slowing of activities since several years.
C/O loss of consciousness for 5-6 hours, 5-6 days ago with inability to speak clearly.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR and Fast Scan (T2 *) coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There are small bright foci on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the left centrum semiovale, white matter in both parietal lobes and white matter in the right frontal lobe. These are isointense to white matter on the T1 Weighted images.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral and third ventricles. The fourth ventricle is normal. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, sylvian fissures and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally.
There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
1. Foci of altered signal in the left centrum semiovale, white matter in both parietal lobes and white matter in the right frontal lobe and these are most likely ischemic in etiology.
2. Mild cerebral cortical atrophy.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzmal lmn / M / 60 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O slowing of activities since several years.
C/O loss of consciousness for 5-6 hours, 5-6 days ago with inability to speak clearly.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR and Fast Scan (T2 *) coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There are small bright foci on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the left centrum semiovale, white matter in both parietal lobes and white matter in the right frontal lobe. These are isointense to white matter on the T1 Weighted images.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral and third ventricles. The fourth ventricle is normal. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, sylvian fissures and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally.
There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
1. Foci of altered signal in the left centrum semiovale, white matter in both parietal lobes and white matter in the right frontal lobe and these are most likely ischemic in etiology.
2. Mild cerebral cortical atrophy.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz B. Mlmn / F / 2 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O delayed milestones with mental retardation and intractable epilepsy.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.
The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.
Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
Normal study of the Brain.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz B. Mlmn / F / 2 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O delayed milestones with mental retardation and intractable epilepsy.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.
The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.
Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
Normal study of the Brain.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz. Gholmn / M / 15 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzgy (Dr. Abc Xyzah).
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O paresthesias on the right side of the body since 00.00.00, with slurred speech.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is a wedge shaped, hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the pons on the left, which appears mildly hypointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images. A focal hyperintensity on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images is seen in the left cerebral peduncle.
Lacunar infarcts (iso to hyperintense to CSF on all the pulse sequences) are noted in the right thalamus and in the splenium of the corpus callosum on the left.
An area of cystic encephalomalacia (isointense to CSF on all the pulse sequences is noted in the right cerebellar hemisphere antero-superiorly.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral ventricles. The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
- 2 - Scan - 00007
IMPRESSION :
1. Altered signal in the pons on the left is most likely an ischemic lesion, probably of recent onset.
2. Lacunar infarcts in the right thalamus and in the splenium of the corpus callosum on the left.
3. An area of cystic encephalomalacia in the right cerebellar hemisphere antero-superiorly is most likely the sequelae of a previous vascular insult.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz. Gholmn / M / 15 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzgy (Dr. Abc Xyzah).
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O paresthesias on the right side of the body since 00.00.00, with slurred speech.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is a wedge shaped, hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the pons on the left, which appears mildly hypointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images. A focal hyperintensity on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images is seen in the left cerebral peduncle.
Lacunar infarcts (iso to hyperintense to CSF on all the pulse sequences) are noted in the right thalamus and in the splenium of the corpus callosum on the left.
An area of cystic encephalomalacia (isointense to CSF on all the pulse sequences is noted in the right cerebellar hemisphere antero-superiorly.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral ventricles. The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
- 2 - Scan - 00007
IMPRESSION :
1. Altered signal in the pons on the left is most likely an ischemic lesion, probably of recent onset.
2. Lacunar infarcts in the right thalamus and in the splenium of the corpus callosum on the left.
3. An area of cystic encephalomalacia in the right cerebellar hemisphere antero-superiorly is most likely the sequelae of a previous vascular insult.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/bv
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza Klmn / F / 58 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O backache with radiation of pain to BLE since 2 years. H/O spinal surgery 10 years back (details not available).
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is loss of water content of all the lumbar intervertebral discs except the L3-L4 disc. The L5-S1 disc is reduced in height and is dessicated and also shows presence of calcification/vacuum phenomenon.
There is evidence of laminectomy of the L3, L4 and L5 vertebrae with post-operative changes in the soft tissues in the posterior lumbar region over these levels.
There is Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 and L5 over the S1 vertebrae. Resultant compromise of the neural foramen at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels is noted, with probable impingement of the L5 nerve roots bilaterally.
Posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.
Scan - 00006
Probable fusion with bone grafting is done in the L5/S1 region. The facet joints at the L5-S1 level appear hypertrophied with a posterior bony bar and canal stenosis at the L5-S1 level.
The facet joints at the L4-L5 level also appears hypertrophied.
The L5 and S1 vertebrae show fatty marrow changes.The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The remaining facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.
The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :
12.0 mm at L1-L2
12.0 mm at L2-L3
12.0 mm at L3-L4
IMPRESSION :
1. Post-operative status with laminectomy of the L3 to L5 vertebrae and fusion with bone grafting in the L5/S1 region.
2. Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 and L5 over the S1 vertebrae.
3. Posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels, with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing, with impingement of the L5 nerve roots in the neural foramen bilaterally.
4. Facetal hypertrophy at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with a posterior bony bar at the L5-S1 level and canal stenosis at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza Klmn / F / 58 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O backache with radiation of pain to BLE since 2 years. H/O spinal surgery 10 years back (details not available).
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is loss of water content of all the lumbar intervertebral discs except the L3-L4 disc. The L5-S1 disc is reduced in height and is dessicated and also shows presence of calcification/vacuum phenomenon.
There is evidence of laminectomy of the L3, L4 and L5 vertebrae with post-operative changes in the soft tissues in the posterior lumbar region over these levels.
There is Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 and L5 over the S1 vertebrae. Resultant compromise of the neural foramen at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels is noted, with probable impingement of the L5 nerve roots bilaterally.
Posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.
Scan - 00006
Probable fusion with bone grafting is done in the L5/S1 region. The facet joints at the L5-S1 level appear hypertrophied with a posterior bony bar and canal stenosis at the L5-S1 level.
The facet joints at the L4-L5 level also appears hypertrophied.
The L5 and S1 vertebrae show fatty marrow changes.The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The remaining facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.
The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :
12.0 mm at L1-L2
12.0 mm at L2-L3
12.0 mm at L3-L4
IMPRESSION :
1. Post-operative status with laminectomy of the L3 to L5 vertebrae and fusion with bone grafting in the L5/S1 region.
2. Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L4 over the L5 and L5 over the S1 vertebrae.
3. Posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels, with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing, with impingement of the L5 nerve roots in the neural foramen bilaterally.
4. Facetal hypertrophy at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with a posterior bony bar at the L5-S1 level and canal stenosis at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.
Published in
MRI Reports
hs/bv
Date: 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyznath Chaudlmn / M / 42 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlwalkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE:
C/O neckpain with occasional weakness of the LUE since 1 year.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.
OBSERVATION :
Diffuse areas of hypointensity on the T1 Weighted images which turn mildly hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images are seen to involve the C4 vertebral body (more to the right) and the left lateral mass of the C1 and C2 vertebrae. There is mild extension of this pathologic process into the left pre and paravertebral soft tissues at the C1/C2 levels. Suspicious involvement of the periodontoid tissues is noted.
A postero-central disc protrusion with peridiscal osteophytes, more to the right of the midline is seen to indent the thecal sac at the C3-C4 level.
The cervical intervertebral discs show loss of water content.
- 2 - Scan - 00005
The cervical vertebral bodies show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka are unremarkable.
The cervical spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.
Small subcentimetre lymph nodes are identified deep to the sternomastoid muscles bilaterally.
The cervico-medullary junction is unremarkable.
IMPRESSION :
The MRI features are suggestive of a pathologic process involving the C4 vertebral body (more to the right) and the left lateral mass of the C1 and C2 vertebrae. The differential diagnosis may include :
1. Infective processes like tuberculosis (more likely).
2. Neoplastic processes like secondaries or small cell tumors (less likely).
Date: 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyznath Chaudlmn / M / 42 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlwalkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE:
C/O neckpain with occasional weakness of the LUE since 1 year.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.
OBSERVATION :
Diffuse areas of hypointensity on the T1 Weighted images which turn mildly hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images are seen to involve the C4 vertebral body (more to the right) and the left lateral mass of the C1 and C2 vertebrae. There is mild extension of this pathologic process into the left pre and paravertebral soft tissues at the C1/C2 levels. Suspicious involvement of the periodontoid tissues is noted.
A postero-central disc protrusion with peridiscal osteophytes, more to the right of the midline is seen to indent the thecal sac at the C3-C4 level.
The cervical intervertebral discs show loss of water content.
- 2 - Scan - 00005
The cervical vertebral bodies show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka are unremarkable.
The cervical spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.
Small subcentimetre lymph nodes are identified deep to the sternomastoid muscles bilaterally.
The cervico-medullary junction is unremarkable.
IMPRESSION :
The MRI features are suggestive of a pathologic process involving the C4 vertebral body (more to the right) and the left lateral mass of the C1 and C2 vertebrae. The differential diagnosis may include :
1. Infective processes like tuberculosis (more likely).
2. Neoplastic processes like secondaries or small cell tumors (less likely).
Published in
MRI Reports
Tagged under
sb/bv
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc XyzKaplmn / F / 27 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlkaka.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
H/O spinal surgery in 0000 (details unavailable), (? dermoid).
C/O numbness in toes, ankles and fingers of BLE since 0000.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is evidence of laminectomy over the L1 to L3 vertebral levels with post-operative changes in the soft tissues in the posterior lumbar region over these levels.
There is a well-marginated, hyperintense lesion on the T1 Weighted images within the thecal sac over the D12 to L2 vertebral levels. This lesion follows fat signal characteristics and appears relatively hypointense on the T2 Weighted images. The lesion is noted along the anterior and left lateral margin of the lower dorsal spinal cord. A smaller, similar signal intensity lesion is noted at the L5 vertebral level, in close relation to the intrathecal nerve roots at that level.
The intrathecal nerve roots at the L2 and L3 vertebral levels appear clumped, suggesting arachnoiditis.
Slight retroplacement of the thecal sac at the operative site is noted.
The lumbar vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The left facet joint at the L2-L3 level appears slightly hypertrophied. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
It is difficult to identify the conus medullaris separately from the lesion.
The visualized lower dorsal spinal cord appears atrophied without any change in signal intensity.
The thecal sac terminates at the S3 level.
IMPRESSION :
1. Post-operative status.
2. Residual fat signal intensity lesion within the thecal sac over the D12 to L2 vertebral levels along the posterior and left lateral margin of the lower dorsal spinal cord as described is not specific for a single etiology. This may represent a dermoid or a lipoma.
3. Clumped intrathecal nerve roots at the L2 and L3 vertebral levels suggest arachnoiditis.
4. Atrophy of the visualized lower dorsal spinal cord.
As compared to the previous MRI dated 00.00.00, there is reduction in the size of the lesion.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc XyzKaplmn / F / 27 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlkaka.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
H/O spinal surgery in 0000 (details unavailable), (? dermoid).
C/O numbness in toes, ankles and fingers of BLE since 0000.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is evidence of laminectomy over the L1 to L3 vertebral levels with post-operative changes in the soft tissues in the posterior lumbar region over these levels.
There is a well-marginated, hyperintense lesion on the T1 Weighted images within the thecal sac over the D12 to L2 vertebral levels. This lesion follows fat signal characteristics and appears relatively hypointense on the T2 Weighted images. The lesion is noted along the anterior and left lateral margin of the lower dorsal spinal cord. A smaller, similar signal intensity lesion is noted at the L5 vertebral level, in close relation to the intrathecal nerve roots at that level.
The intrathecal nerve roots at the L2 and L3 vertebral levels appear clumped, suggesting arachnoiditis.
Slight retroplacement of the thecal sac at the operative site is noted.
The lumbar vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The left facet joint at the L2-L3 level appears slightly hypertrophied. The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
It is difficult to identify the conus medullaris separately from the lesion.
The visualized lower dorsal spinal cord appears atrophied without any change in signal intensity.
The thecal sac terminates at the S3 level.
IMPRESSION :
1. Post-operative status.
2. Residual fat signal intensity lesion within the thecal sac over the D12 to L2 vertebral levels along the posterior and left lateral margin of the lower dorsal spinal cord as described is not specific for a single etiology. This may represent a dermoid or a lipoma.
3. Clumped intrathecal nerve roots at the L2 and L3 vertebral levels suggest arachnoiditis.
4. Atrophy of the visualized lower dorsal spinal cord.
As compared to the previous MRI dated 00.00.00, there is reduction in the size of the lesion.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
A Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 57 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlkaka.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O gait imbalance since 10 days with paresthesias in the LUE and BLE.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is loss of water content of the D1-D2 to D4-D5 and D8-D9 intervertebral discs.
There is a right paracentral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the D8-D9 level, indenting the dorsal spinal cord at this level.
The visualized dorsal vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The dorsal spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.
The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level.
Screening T1 Weighted sagittal images of the lumbo-sacral spine reveal small posterior disc bulges in the lower lumbar region.
IMPRESSION :
Right paracentral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the D8-D9 level.
A Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 57 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlkaka.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O gait imbalance since 10 days with paresthesias in the LUE and BLE.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is loss of water content of the D1-D2 to D4-D5 and D8-D9 intervertebral discs.
There is a right paracentral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the D8-D9 level, indenting the dorsal spinal cord at this level.
The visualized dorsal vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The dorsal spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.
The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level.
Screening T1 Weighted sagittal images of the lumbo-sacral spine reveal small posterior disc bulges in the lower lumbar region.
IMPRESSION :
Right paracentral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the D8-D9 level.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 57 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlkaka.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O gait imbalance since 10 days with paresthesias in the LUE and BLE.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is loss of water content of the cervical intervertebral discs.
A postero-central protruded disc is noted at the C2-C3 level and a small postero-central disc herniation at the C3-C4 level.
A small, posterior disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the C4-C5 level with indentation upon the cord at this level.
A fairly large, posteriorly extruded disc with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the C5-C6 level with cord compression. The cervical spinal cord at this level shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images suggesting cord edema/ishcemia. There is bilateral neural foraminal narrowing at this level.
Scan - 00003
A posterior and left postero-lateral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is also noted at the C6-C7 level with left neural foraminal narrowing. Mild ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is noted at the C6-C7 level.
Degenerative changes of the joints of the Luschka on the left is noted at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels, with left neural foraminal narrowing. The facet joints at the C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels bilaterally and on the left side at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels shows hypertrophic degenerative changes.
The C3 to C5 vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow changes.
The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.
IMPRESSION :
1. A fairly large, posteriorly extruded disc with peridiscal osteophytes at the C5-C6 level with canal stenosis, cord compression and cord signal alteration at this level suggests cord edema/ischemia.
2. A posterior and left postero-lateral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the C6-C7 level.
3. A small, postero-central disc herniation at the C3-C4 level.
4. Degenerative changes of the joints of the Luschka on the left at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels.
5 Hypertrophic facetal arthropathy bilaterally at the C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels and on the left side at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 57 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlkaka.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O gait imbalance since 10 days with paresthesias in the LUE and BLE.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.
OBSERVATION :
There is loss of water content of the cervical intervertebral discs.
A postero-central protruded disc is noted at the C2-C3 level and a small postero-central disc herniation at the C3-C4 level.
A small, posterior disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the C4-C5 level with indentation upon the cord at this level.
A fairly large, posteriorly extruded disc with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the C5-C6 level with cord compression. The cervical spinal cord at this level shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images suggesting cord edema/ishcemia. There is bilateral neural foraminal narrowing at this level.
Scan - 00003
A posterior and left postero-lateral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is also noted at the C6-C7 level with left neural foraminal narrowing. Mild ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is noted at the C6-C7 level.
Degenerative changes of the joints of the Luschka on the left is noted at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels, with left neural foraminal narrowing. The facet joints at the C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels bilaterally and on the left side at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels shows hypertrophic degenerative changes.
The C3 to C5 vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow changes.
The visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.
IMPRESSION :
1. A fairly large, posteriorly extruded disc with peridiscal osteophytes at the C5-C6 level with canal stenosis, cord compression and cord signal alteration at this level suggests cord edema/ischemia.
2. A posterior and left postero-lateral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the C6-C7 level.
3. A small, postero-central disc herniation at the C3-C4 level.
4. Degenerative changes of the joints of the Luschka on the left at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels.
5 Hypertrophic facetal arthropathy bilaterally at the C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels and on the left side at the C3-C4 and C4-C5 levels.
Published in
MRI Reports
More...
sb/bv
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzana lmn / F / 72 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhah / Dr. Abc Xyzmani.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorso-lumbar Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O backache with radicular pain in BLE and paresthesias since 2 days.
h/O fall on 00.00.00.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the dorso-lumbar spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
SOME IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION.
OBSERVATION :
There is central and anterior wedging of the D7 vertebral body which shows a probable vertical fracture line, centrally. Central hypointense signal on all the pulse sequences in the D7 vertebral body may suggest sclerosis/compressed trabeculae. The adjacent discs are herniated into the D7 body, centrally.
There is slight central wedging of the D12 vertebral body, which is slightly retroplaced. Hypointense signal on the T1 Weighted images is noted in the D12 vertebral body, which appears heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. Generalized bulging of the D12 body circumferentially is noted with mild indentation on the anterior dural theca and the dorsal spinal cord at that level. The adjacent intervertebral discs are unremarkable.
- 2 - Scan - 00001
The rest of the visualized dorsal and lumbar vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow suggesting osteoporosis. The dorso-lumbar intervertebral discs show loss of water content.
The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The visualized dorsal spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity.
The conus medullaris terminates at the L1-L2 level.
Screening T1 Weighted coronal images of the hip joints reveal an ill-defined, hypointense signal in the right acetabulum and iliac bones. Probable old healed fracture of the right superior pubic ramus is noted (scan 109.14). The rest of the visualized pelvic bones show osteoporotic changes. Note is made of a distended bladder.
Calcification is seen in the right gluteal region in the soft tissues.
IMPRESSION :
1. Central and anterior wedging of the D7 vertebral body is the sequelae of previous trauma.
2. Central wedging of the D12 vertebral body with altered signal and altered signal in the right acetabulum is not specific for a single etiology. This may represent metastasis in view of multifocal involvement or may be post-traumatic in etiology.
3. Osteoporotic changes in the rest of the visualized bones.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzana lmn / F / 72 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhah / Dr. Abc Xyzmani.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorso-lumbar Spine.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O backache with radicular pain in BLE and paresthesias since 2 days.
h/O fall on 00.00.00.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the dorso-lumbar spine was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.
SOME IMAGES SHOW PATIENT MOTION.
OBSERVATION :
There is central and anterior wedging of the D7 vertebral body which shows a probable vertical fracture line, centrally. Central hypointense signal on all the pulse sequences in the D7 vertebral body may suggest sclerosis/compressed trabeculae. The adjacent discs are herniated into the D7 body, centrally.
There is slight central wedging of the D12 vertebral body, which is slightly retroplaced. Hypointense signal on the T1 Weighted images is noted in the D12 vertebral body, which appears heterogeneously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. Generalized bulging of the D12 body circumferentially is noted with mild indentation on the anterior dural theca and the dorsal spinal cord at that level. The adjacent intervertebral discs are unremarkable.
- 2 - Scan - 00001
The rest of the visualized dorsal and lumbar vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow suggesting osteoporosis. The dorso-lumbar intervertebral discs show loss of water content.
The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
The visualized dorsal spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity.
The conus medullaris terminates at the L1-L2 level.
Screening T1 Weighted coronal images of the hip joints reveal an ill-defined, hypointense signal in the right acetabulum and iliac bones. Probable old healed fracture of the right superior pubic ramus is noted (scan 109.14). The rest of the visualized pelvic bones show osteoporotic changes. Note is made of a distended bladder.
Calcification is seen in the right gluteal region in the soft tissues.
IMPRESSION :
1. Central and anterior wedging of the D7 vertebral body is the sequelae of previous trauma.
2. Central wedging of the D12 vertebral body with altered signal and altered signal in the right acetabulum is not specific for a single etiology. This may represent metastasis in view of multifocal involvement or may be post-traumatic in etiology.
3. Osteoporotic changes in the rest of the visualized bones.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/bv
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzath T. Mlmn / M / 54 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyztel.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O sudden onset of giddiness, vomiting with difficulty in swallowing, speech difficulty and gait ataxia since 00.00.00.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is an ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the right middle cerebellar peduncle, pons, lentiform nucleii bilaterally, left thalamus, bilateral corona radiata, fronto-parietal deep white matter and in the posterior parietal, periventricular white matter bilaterally. These lesions appear iso to hypointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images.
Dilated perivascular spaces are seen in the lentiform nuclei bilaterally.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral ventricles. The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally.
- 2 - Scan-00000
There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
1. Altered signal in the right middle cerebellar peduncle, pons, lentiform nucleii bilaterally, left thalamus, bilateral corona radiata, fronto-parietal deep white matter and in the posterior parietal, periventricular white matter bilaterally most likely represents ischemic changes.
2. Mild cerebral and cerebellar atrophy.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzath T. Mlmn / M / 54 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyztel.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O sudden onset of giddiness, vomiting with difficulty in swallowing, speech difficulty and gait ataxia since 00.00.00.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is an ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the right middle cerebellar peduncle, pons, lentiform nucleii bilaterally, left thalamus, bilateral corona radiata, fronto-parietal deep white matter and in the posterior parietal, periventricular white matter bilaterally. These lesions appear iso to hypointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images.
Dilated perivascular spaces are seen in the lentiform nuclei bilaterally.
There is mild dilatation of both the lateral ventricles. The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally.
- 2 - Scan-00000
There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
1. Altered signal in the right middle cerebellar peduncle, pons, lentiform nucleii bilaterally, left thalamus, bilateral corona radiata, fronto-parietal deep white matter and in the posterior parietal, periventricular white matter bilaterally most likely represents ischemic changes.
2. Mild cerebral and cerebellar atrophy.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzhivrao Arvaplmn / M / 45 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyztel.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O sudden onset of giddiness and deviation of the mouth to the left, inability to close eyes and swallow with regurgitation since 00.00.00.
Chronic alcoholic/smoker.
Known diabetic/hypertensive (recently detected).
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted , proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is an ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the lower pons to the right of the midline, posteriorly extending into the proximal medulla. This lesion appears iso to hypointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images.
Lacunar infarcts (iso to hyperintense to CSF) are noted in the left lentiform nucleus and in the left corona radiata. Perilesional hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and FLAIR images around the lacunar infarcts in the left corona radiata represents gliotic changes.
Ill-defined hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the right external capsular region and in the region of the anterior limb of the internal capsules bilaterally and left temporal lobe most likely represents ischemic changes.
00009
- 2 -
Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
1. Alterd signal in the lower pons to the right of the midline, posteriorly extending into the proximal medulla most likely represents a recent ischemic lesion.
2. Lacunar infarcts in the left lentiform nucleus and in the left corona radiata with perilesional gliotic changes.
3. Altered signal in the right external capsular region and in the region of the anterior limb of the internal capsules bilaterally, most likely represents ischemic changes.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzhivrao Arvaplmn / M / 45 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyztel.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O sudden onset of giddiness and deviation of the mouth to the left, inability to close eyes and swallow with regurgitation since 00.00.00.
Chronic alcoholic/smoker.
Known diabetic/hypertensive (recently detected).
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted , proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is an ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the lower pons to the right of the midline, posteriorly extending into the proximal medulla. This lesion appears iso to hypointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images.
Lacunar infarcts (iso to hyperintense to CSF) are noted in the left lentiform nucleus and in the left corona radiata. Perilesional hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and FLAIR images around the lacunar infarcts in the left corona radiata represents gliotic changes.
Ill-defined hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the right external capsular region and in the region of the anterior limb of the internal capsules bilaterally and left temporal lobe most likely represents ischemic changes.
00009
- 2 -
Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
IMPRESSION :
1. Alterd signal in the lower pons to the right of the midline, posteriorly extending into the proximal medulla most likely represents a recent ischemic lesion.
2. Lacunar infarcts in the left lentiform nucleus and in the left corona radiata with perilesional gliotic changes.
3. Altered signal in the right external capsular region and in the region of the anterior limb of the internal capsules bilaterally, most likely represents ischemic changes.
Published in
MRI Reports
sb/hs
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc XyzVishwaklmn / F / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O seizures since 5 years.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted , proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.
The hippocampal complex is unmarkable on either side.
Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable.There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
Inflammatory changes are noted in the paranasal sinuses.
There is an expansile, hypointense lesion on the T1 Weighted images in the ramus of the right mandible. This lesion appears hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images.
IMPRESSION :
No abnormality is detected in the brain parenchyma per se.
An expansile lesion in the ramus of the right mandible is not specific for a single etiology. This may represent ? cyst, ?? fibrous dysplasia.
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc XyzVishwaklmn / F / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.
CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O seizures since 5 years.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :
5 mm thick T1 Weighted , proton and T2 Weighted axial images.
3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.
OBSERVATION :
There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.
The hippocampal complex is unmarkable on either side.
Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable.There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.
Inflammatory changes are noted in the paranasal sinuses.
There is an expansile, hypointense lesion on the T1 Weighted images in the ramus of the right mandible. This lesion appears hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images.
IMPRESSION :
No abnormality is detected in the brain parenchyma per se.
An expansile lesion in the ramus of the right mandible is not specific for a single etiology. This may represent ? cyst, ?? fibrous dysplasia.
Published in
MRI Reports