sb/ke/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzSollmn / F / 33 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.

There is mild fullness of both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles. There is slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia and basal cisternal spaces bilaterally. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

Slight prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia with mild fullness of the ventricular system.

No other abnormality is detected on this study.

sb/ke/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza Milmn / F / 26 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzonawalla.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O radicular pain to the LLE since 1 week.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs.

There is Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L5 over the S1 vertebra with probable spondylolysis at L5, bilaterally (To correlate with plain radiographs). A resultant small postero-central disc herniation is noted at the L5-S1 level.

A postero-central and left paracentral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the L4-L5 level. Slight inferior migration of the disc fragment is seen with indentation on the traversing left L5 nerve root.

A postero-central disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the L3-L4 level, indenting the dural theca anteriorly.







Slight facetal hypertrophy is noted at the L4-L5 level.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

18.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
13.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Grade I spondylolisthesis of the L5 over the S1 vertebra with probable spondylolysis at L5, bilaterally (To correlate with plain radiographs).

2. A small postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level.

3. A postero-central and left paracentral disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the L4-L5 level and slight inferior migration of the disc fragment indenting the traversing left L5 nerve root.

4. A postero-central disc herniation with peridiscal osteophytes at the L3-L4 level.

sb/ke/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Qurlmn / M / 12 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrekh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Left Knee Joint.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain and swelling over the left knee joint with difficulty to the bend the LLE since 5-6 years.
H/O synovial biopsy done on 00.00.00. HP s/o fibroconnective tissue with vascular channels.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the left knee joint was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and GRASS sagittal images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and GRASS axial images.

OBSERVATION :

Menisci :

The anterior and posterior horns of the lateral and medial menisci reveal normal configuration and signal characteristics.

Cruciate Ligaments :

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments show normal contour and signal characteristics.

Collateral Ligaments and the Patellar Tendon :

The medial and lateral collateral ligaments and the patellar tendon are normal.



Hoffas Fat Pad :

The Hoffas fat pad is normal.

Articular cartilage and bones :

The articular cartilage overlying the patella, tibia and femur appears normal.

There is seen evidence of previous surgery in the vastus medialis muscle and in the popliteal fossa. Streaking of the fat in the popliteal fossa and suprapatellar region is noted. There is a small left knee joint effusion.

IMPRESSION :

1. Post-operative status.

2. No significant abnormality is detected within the knee joint per se except for a small left knee joint effusion. Post-operative changes are noted in the vastus medialis muscle and in the popliteal fossa with streaking of the fat in the popliteal fossa and suprapatellar region.

sb/ke/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza Puralmn / F / 11 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrekh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervico-dorsal Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O neckpain with tingling in BLE since 4 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervico-dorsal spine upto D6 was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

The visualized cervico-dorsal vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The visualized cervico-dorsal spinal cord reveals normal signal intensity. There is no cord compression.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Cervico-dorsal spine.

sb/ke/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Vlmn / F / 24 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzapadia.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Right Thigh.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O swelling over the right thigh since 4-5 years with pain since 3 months (on & off).

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of the right thigh was performed using the following parameters :

8 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick Proton and STIR coronal images.

8 mm thick T1 Weighted and GRASS sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is seen a fairly large, approximately 6.0 x 6.0 x 12.0 cms sized well-defined, intermediate signal intensity mass lesion on the T1 Weighted images in the posterior compartment of the middle third of the right thigh laterally, superficial to the biceps femoris muscles. This lesion appears significantly hyperintense on the T2 Weighted and STIR images. The proximal margin of this lesion is about 7.0 cms inferior to the right ischial tuberocity. The right biceps femoris muscles and the right semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles are displaced medially by the lesion. The fat planes around this lesion are well-defined. There is no vascular encasement noted. No bone erosion or destruction is identified. The subcutaneous fat overlying this lesion shows normal signal.

- 2 - scan-00003


There is seen another, similar signal intensity lesion about 4.0 cms distal to the inferior margin of the above described lesion. This lesion is noted in the posterior compartment of the distal third of the right thigh, in the fat plane between the biceps femoris muscles and the semimembranosus muscle. This lesion measures approximately 3.0 x 5.0 cms. and is probably in continuity with the above described larger lesion by a thin communicating track (scans 106.8 & 107.8). The fat planes around the smaller lesion are also well-identified. This lesion is lateral and posterior to the popliteal vessels.

The visualized muscles in the right thigh show normal signal.

The visualized left thigh is also unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of two fairly well-defined mass lesions in the posterior compartment of the middle and distal third of the right thigh. Their signal characteristics, size and relations are described above. These lesions are most likely incommunication with each other by a thin track. These lesions are not specific for a single etiology. The possibility of a distended bursa, chronic abscess or a long standing hematoma may be considered as differential diagnosis. Remote possibility of a pseudo-aneurysm may be considered.

The possibility of a neoplasm seems less likely.

sb/ke/nl/rg.
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz A. Sukhlmn / M / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrekh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Left Knee Joint.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain in the left knee joint with swelling since 15-20 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the distal left femur including the knee joint was performed using the following parameters :

8 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and 5 mm thick GRASS sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is an ill-defined, hypointense signal on the T1 Weighted images involving the distal fourth of the shaft of the left femur including the distal femoral epiphysis. This lesion appears hyperintense on the T2 Weighted, STIR and the GRASS images. The superior margin of the lesion is about 14.0 cms from the distal margin of the left knee joint. There is a sharp zone of transition between the normal and the abnormal marrow signal.

There is evidence of periosteal elevation with an intermediate signal intensity soft tissue lesion on T1 Weighted images predominantly along the anterior, medial and the posterior margins of the distal left femur. This lesion also appears hyperintense on the T2 Weighted, STIR and GRASS images. Erosion of the cortex is noted in some places. The muscles around the distal left femur are displaced around the soft tissue lesion. The fat planes around the mass lesion and the visualized muscles are however well-identified. The left popliteal vessels are also displaced posteriorly. No vascular encasement is noted.
..2/.







Probable involvement of the femoral attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament is noted. The posterior cruciate ligament is unremarkable. The posterior horn of the medial meniscus of the left knee joint shows internal signal suggesting meniscal degeneration. The lateral meniscus is unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

Altered signal in the distal fourth of the left femur (involving approximately the distal 14.0 cms) with periosteal elevation and soft tissue extension as described is not specific for a single etiology. Osteogenic sarcoma is a likely possibility. An infective process cannot be entirely ruled out.

sb/ke/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzBalmn / F / 60 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzngsarkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE since 15 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the lumbar intervertebral discs.

There is a fairly large, left paracentral extruded disc at the L3-L4 level with left neural foraminal narrowing. Inferior migration of the disc fragment is noted, indenting the traversing left L4 nerve root.

A small postero-central protruded disc is noted at the L5-S1 level.

A small, posterior and bilateral far lateral disc bulges are noted at the L4-L5 level.

Small posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the L2-L3 level.




- 2 - Scan-00001

A fairly large, right lateral peridiscal osteophyte is noted at the L5-S1 level. Anterior disc herniations with anterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted in the lumbar region. Schmorls nodes are seen in the dorso-lumbar region.

The lumbar vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow changes. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

17.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
13.0 mm at L3-L4
13.0 mm at L4-L5
11.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. A fairly large, left paracentral extruded disc at the L3-L4 level with left neural foraminal narrowing. Inferior migration of the disc fragment is noted indenting the traversing left L4 nerve root.

2. A small postero-central protruded disc at the L5-S1 level.

3. A small, posterior and bilateral far lateral disc bulges at the L4-L5 level.

sb/bv/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz G. Dhlmn / M / 67 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O loss of sensation of BUE and gait imbalance since 2 months and pain in the fingers of both hands.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the cervical intervertebral discs.

Fairly large, postero-central disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels with resultant cord compression. There is also ligamentum flavum hypertrophy at these levels with cervical canal stenosis. The cervical spinal cord at the C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images which suggests cord edema/ischemia. Facetal hypertrophy is also noted over the C3-C4 to C6-C7 levels.

A small postero-central disc protrusion is noted at the C2-C3 level.

The cervical vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow changes. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
- 2 - scan-00000



The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

1. Fairly large, postero-central disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes at the C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels with resultant cord compression. There is also ligamentum flavum hypertrophy at these levels with cervical canal stenosis.

2. Altered signal of the cord at the C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels suggests cord edema/ischemia.

sb/bv/rg/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzal Hodavadlmn / M / 13 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzao.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O ALL. 8 cycles of Chemotherapy received (completed in December 0000).
No complaints at present.
For follow-up.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Incidentally noted is pansinusitis and inflammation of the mastoid air cells bilaterally.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzddin Halmn / M / 65 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzngsarkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O neck pain radiating to BUE (right more than left) with paresthesias since 3 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of normal cervical lordosis and loss of water content of the cervical intervertebral discs.

There is continuous ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament extending over C3 to C7 vertebral levels.

A fairly large, posteriorly herniated disc with posterior peridiscal osteophytes is noted at the C3-C4 level with cord compression and bilateral neural foraminal narrowing. The cervical spinal cord at this level shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted images suggesting cord edema/ischemia.

Left paracentral disc herniations with peridiscal osteophyes are noted at the C4-C4 and C5-C6 levels indenting the cervical spinal cord at these levels. Resultant left neural foraminal narrowing is also noted.

Postero-central disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the C6-C7 and C7-D1 levels, indenting the cervical spinal cord, anteriorly.
..2/.




A small postero-central protruded disc is noted at the C2-C3 level.

Anterior disc herniations with anterior peridiscal osteophyes are noted in the cervical region.

Facetal hypertrophy is noted at the C3-C4, C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels. Slight ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is also noted at the C2-C3, C3-C4, C6-C7 and C7-D1 levels.

The cervical vertebral bodies show spotty fatty marrow changes. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

1. Continuous ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament extending over C3 to C7 vertebral levels.

2. A fairly large, posteriorly herniated disc with posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the C3-C4 level with cord compression and cord edema/ischemia at this level.

3. Left paracentral disc herniations with peridiscal osteophyes at the C4-C4 and C5-C6 levels with left neural foraminal narrowing.

4. Postero-central disc herniations with peridiscal osteophytes at the C6-C7 and C7-D1 levels.

5. Cervical canal stenosis at the C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, C6-C7 and C7-D1 levels.