ke/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Slmn / M / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures since childhood.
Known C/O cysticercosis. On Rx.
For follow-up.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

A subcentimeter sized well-circumscribed lesion is noted in the right occipital lobe, which is hypointense to white matter on the T1 Weighted images and is seen to follow CSF intensity characteristics on all the pulse sequences. An eccentric hyperintense speck is noted within this lesion on the T1 Weighted images which is seen to turn hypointense on the T2 Weighted images and which would represent a scolex. There is surrounding white matter edema.
A smaller lesion, better appreciated on the T2 Weighted images is noted inferior to the above described lesion. This lesion has a hypointense rim with a hyperintense centre on the T2 Weighted images.

There is slight prominence of the left lateral ventricle as compared to the right which may be a normal variant.





The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.IMPRESSION :The MRI features are suggestive of a granulomatous infective lesion in the right occipital lobe following the signal characteristics of a cysticercus in the colloid-vesicular stage. A small lesion inferior to the above described may represent a cysticercus in the granular-nodular stage.
As compared to the previous MRI (study no:0000) dated 00.00.00, there is reduction in the surrounding edema.

ke/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Padelmn / F / 18 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhtekar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures since 2 years. On anti-epileptics.
Recently detected Pulmonary tuberculosis. On AKT since 8 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.

There is fullness of both the lateral ventricles. There is prominence of the cerebral sulci and cerebellar folia bilaterally.

The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Incidental note is made of inflammatory changes in the left mastoid air cells, sphenoid sinus and enlarged adenoids.

IMPRESSION :

Prominence of the cerebral sulci and cerebellar folia bilaterally.

ke/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzAlmn / F / 36 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzikhalikar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures since 5 years.
C/O giddiness and gait ataxia since 15 days.
H/O fever +.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is an ill-defined, lesion in the left frontal and parietal parafalcine region which is predominantly cystic and is hypointense on the T1 Weighted images. This is seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images with the cystic portion seen to follow CSF signal characteristics. There is involvement of the anterior portion of the corpus callosum by this lesion. The anterior cerebral artery is displaced to the right side. Hyperintense signal is seen at the periphery of this lesion in the left fronto-temporo-parietal region with extension and involvement of the left lentiform nucleus, thalamus and the genu of the internal capsule as well as the right frontal region on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images which may represent tumor edema/tumor infiltration. Similar areas are also seen within the body of the corpus callosum. There is mass effect with effacement of the adjacent sulci in the left fronto-temporo-parietal region and indentation upon the body of the left lateral ventricle. There is shift of the midline structures to the right.
Scan-00003


There is slight fullness of the right lateral and fourth ventricles.

No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of a lesion in the left frontal and parietal parafalcine region involving the body of the corpus callosum with extensions as described and most probably represents a glial cell tumor ? corpus callosum glioma.

A contrast enhanced scan may be useful.

ke/hs/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzp Pralmn / M / 51 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhanse.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Left Shoulder.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O pain in the left shoulder and LUE since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the left shoulder was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick GRASS axial images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted, Proton and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

The head of the left humerus shows normal contour and the head and upper shaft of the left humerus show normal signal intensity. The visualized scapula appears normal. The glenoid labrum is unremarkable. The biceps tendon in the biciptical groove shows normal signal intensity.

The articular cartilage of the head of the left humerus appears normal.

The tendinous insertion of the supraspinatus muscle shows normal signal intensity. There is no evidence of fluid in the subdeltoid bursa. There is no evidence of a tear of the supraspinatus muscle. The soft tissues around the left shoulder joint are unremarkable.







There is no obvious bone erosion or destruction seen.

The acromio-clavicular joint is normal.

The visualized axilla is unremarkable.

IMPRESSION :

No significant abnormality is detected within the left shoulder joint on this study.

ke/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz. Pallmn / F / 40 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O left sided headaches with drooping of the left eyelid and diplopia since 15 days.
Similar history 1 year ago from which patient recovered.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and STIR coronal images.

After administration of contrast the following parameters were used :

3 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal and axial images with fat saturation.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial and coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is an intermediate signal intensity lesion in the left cavernous sinus extending slightly anterior to the superior orbital fissure (se/im:105/6,7, 106/7,8 & 107/7,8) on the T1 Weighted images. This is seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the STIR images. On administration of contrast, there is enhancement of this lesion.

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity in the brain parenchyma.





Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

There is no area of abnormal enhancement within the brain parenchyma or along the meninges.

Incidental note is made of mild bilateral maxillary sinusitis.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of altered signal in the left cavernous sinus extending slightly anterior to the superior orbital fissure with enhancement as described and is most probably due to an inflammatory process like a pseudotumor (in view of the similar past history).

The possibility of a neoplastic lesion seems less likely.

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzer Mlmn / F / 19 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz Shah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O low back pain since 2 years. H/O fall 2 years back.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L2 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

19.0 mm at L1-L2
19.0 mm at L2-L3
17.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
13.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

ke/bv/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzMlmn / M / 32 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc XyzV. Shah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Right Knee Joint.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

H/O fall from a loft in January 0000 with injury to both knees. C/O pain in both knees with click and locking since then.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the right knee joint was performed using the following parameters :

4 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and GRASS sagittal images.

4 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

5 mm thick GRASS axial images.

OBSERVATION :

Menisci

There is a hyperintense signal in the posterior horn of the medial meniscus on all the pulse sequences reaching upto the inferior articular surface and would represent Grade III meniscal signal (meniscal tear).

Linear hyperintense signal is seen in the anterior horn of the lateral and medial meniscus not reaching upto the inferior articular surface and represents Grade II meniscal signal (meniscal degeneration).

The posterior horn of the lateral meniscus reveal normal configuration and signal characteristics.
Scan-00009



Cruciate Ligaments :

The anterior cruciate ligament is not seen in its entireity. An intermediate signal intensity is seen in its portion adjacent to the femur on the T1 Weighted images which is seen to turn heterogeneously hyperintense on the GRASS images suggestive of complete tear.

The posterior cruciate ligament shows normal contour and signal characteristics.

Collateral Ligaments and the Patellar Tendon :

The medial and lateral collateral ligaments and the patellar tendon are normal.

Hoffas Fat Pad :

The Hoffas fat pad is normal.

Articular cartilage and bones :

The articular cartilage overlying the patella and femur appears normal.

Subcutaneous edema (with ? fat necrosis) is seen anterior and lateral to the patella.

There appears to be a fracture of the lateral tibial plateau with an underlying bone bruise.

Effusion is seen in the right knee joint.
..3/.











- 3 - Scan-00009


IMPRESSION :

1. Grade III meniscal signal (meniscal tear) in the posterior horn of the medial meniscus of the right knee joint.

2. Complete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament.

3. Fracture of the lateral tibial plateau with bone bruise.

4. Effusion within the right knee joint.

Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzMohammed Slmn / M / 55 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzni.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to BLE with tingling.
H/O spinal surgery 11 months back. Details not available.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is evidence of laminectomy at the L4 and L5 vertebral levels with post-operative changes in the soft tissues in the posterior lumbar region at these levels. Probable discoidectomy at the L4-L5 level is also noted. The L4-L5 disc is reduced in height. Slight retroplacement of the L4 over the L5 vertebra is noted.

The L4 and L5 vertebral bodies adjacent to the L4-L5 intervertebral disc appear hypointense on the T1 Weighted images and slightly hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. These changes may be the sequelae of previous surgery.

A posterior peridiscal osteophyte is noted at the L4-L5 level indenting the dural theca anteriorly and narrowing the neural foramina bilaterally at this level. There is resultant lateral recess stenosis at the L4-L5 level.
Scan-00008


A posteriorly bulging disc with posterior peridiscal osteophyte is noted at the L3-L4 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.

A postero-central disc herniation is noted at the L5-S1 level, with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.

Facetal hypertrophy is noted at the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels bilaterally.

The rest of the lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
16.0 mm at L2-L3
12.0 mm at L3-L4

IMPRESSION :

1. Post-operative status.

2. Altered signal in the L4 and L5 vertebral bodies adjacent to the L4-L5 intervertebral disc may be the sequelae of previous surgery.
..3/.









- 3 - Scan-00008



3. A posterior peridiscal osteophyte at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing and resultant lateral recess stenosis at the L4-L5 level.

4. A posteriorly bulging disc with posterior peridiscal osteophyte at the L3-L4 level.

5. A postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level.

6. Facetal hypertrophy at the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels bilaterally.

7. Canal stenosis at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels.

sb/ke/nl/nl
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Dlmn / M / 62 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O irrelevant talk since 8 days.
Known hypertensive.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a wedge-shaped hypointense lesion on the T1 Weighted images involving the cortex and the subcortical white matter in the left temporo-parietal region. This lesion appears hyperintense on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images. Ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the T1 Weighted images within this lesion, which appears relatively hypointense on the T2 Weighted images representing intracellular methemoglobin and suggests early subacute haemorrhage. There is resultant effacement of the sulcal spaces in the left temporo-parietal region.

There is a CSF intensity lesion on all the pulse sequences in the right occipital lobe, which represents an area of cystic encephalomalacia, most likely the sequelae of a previous vascular insult. Perilesional, white matter hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and FLAIR images may represent gliotic changes.






Ill-defined hyperintense areas on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the pons and bilateral centrum semiovale, most likely represent ischemic changes.

Lacunar infarcts are noted in the pons, genu of the corpus callosum on the left, right thalamus and bilateral lentiform nuclei.

There is mild dilatation of the ventricular system. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci and cerebellar folia.

The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

1. A haemorrhagic infarct in the left temporo-parietal region.

2. An area of cystic encephalomalacia with perilesional gliosis in the right occipital lobe, most likely the sequelae of previous vascular insult.

3. Altered signal in the pons and bilateral centrum semiovale, most likely represent ischemic changes.

4. Lacunar infarcts in the pons, genu of the corpus callosum on the left, right thalamus and bilateral lentiform nuclei.

sb/ke/nl/nl
A Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzSlmn / M / 44 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhry.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with paresthesias since 6-7 years.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L5-S1 disc.

There is still seen a left postero-lateral (foraminal) disc herniation at the L5-S1 level with left neural foraminal narrowing. Slight hypertrophy of the right facet joint at the L5-S1 level is noted.

A small, posterior disc bulge is seen at the L4-L5 level.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L2 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.
Scan-00005a



The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

17.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
17.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
18.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. A left postero-lateral (foraminal) disc herniation at the L5-S1 level with left neural foraminal narrowing.

2. Slight facetal hypertrophy at the L5-S1 level on the right.

As compared to the previous MRI (study no:0000), there is no significant change noted.